Test Drive Our New Site! We have some improvements in the works that we're excited for you to experience. Click here to try our new, faster, mobile friendly beta site. We will be maintaining our current version of the site thru the end of 2024, so you can switch back as our improvements continue.
Legislation Quick Search
05/19/2024 05:19 PM
Pennsylvania General Assembly
https://www.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/legis/Topic_Index/Public/Index.cfm?SessYr=2023&SessInd=0&billBody=H&billTyp=B&billNbr=0674
Share:
Home / Bills from this session under the same topics.

Bills from this session under the same topics as
House Bill 674

Click on a topic to view legislation relating to that topic.

  • CONSTITUTION AND CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS (70)

    HB0001 ROZZI A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for courts to be open and suits against the Commonwealth.
    HB0054 OWLETT A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for tenure of justices, judges and justices of the peace.
    HB0125 BIZZARRO A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for proposal of amendments by the General Assembly and their adoption.
    HB0212 GLEIM A Joint Resolution proposing integrated amendments to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, changing the Commonwealth's fiscal period from one year to two years.
    HB0276 WEBSTER A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for disqualifications for service as election officer.
    HB0332 STAMBAUGH A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for terms of members.
    HB0353 ISAACSON A Joint Resolution proposing separate and distinct amendments to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, providing for an economic bill of rights.
    HB0393 KAUFFMAN A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for compensation and retirement of justices, judges and justices of the peace.
    HB0396 KAUFFMAN A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for tenure of justices, judges and justices of the peace.
    HB0398 KAUFFMAN A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for judicial administration.
    HB0430 DIAMOND A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for sessions of the General Assembly.
    HB0432 DIAMOND A Joint Resolution proposing integrated amendments to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for election of justices, judges and justices of the peace and vacanc...
    HB0435 DIAMOND A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, providing for right to medical freedom.
    HB0444 GAYDOS A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for legislative districts.
    HB0458 STAMBAUGH An Act providing for a Constitutional Convention with limited powers, for a referendum on the question and for the selection, nomination and election of delegates; defining the powers, duties and...
    HB0459 STAMBAUGH A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, providing for expiration of authority to levy or collect real property taxes.
    HB0485 SOLOMON A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for removal of civil officers.
    HB0547 ZIMMERMAN A Joint Resolution proposing integrated amendments to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, providing for the election and qualifications of the Secretary of the Commonwealth.
    HB0554 ZIMMERMAN A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for qualifications of electors.
    HB0656 FREEMAN A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for exemptions and special provisions relating to taxation.
    HB0674 PROBST A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for exemptions and special provisions.
    HB0700 DIAMOND A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for method of elections and secrecy in voting.
    HB0706 KENYATTA A Joint Resolution proposing integrated amendments to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for ineligibility by criminal convictions and for removal of civil of...
    HB0717 R. MACKENZIE A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for exemptions and special provisions.
    HB0786 WARNER A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, providing for spending limitations on the Commonwealth.
    HB0803 OTTEN A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, providing for personal reproductive liberty.
    HB0891 KUTZ A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for qualifications of electors.
    HB0950 FIEDLER A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, providing for workers' rights.
    HB1124 KEEFER A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for judicial administration.
    HB1227 SAPPEY A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for exemptions and special provisions.
    HB1348 KEEFER A Joint Resolution proposing integrated amendments to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, abolishing the office of Lieutenant Governor.
    HB1376 HEFFLEY A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for special provisions for local taxing authorities.
    HB1410 McCLINTON A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for pardoning power and Board of Pardons.
    HB1488 SANCHEZ An Act amending the act of June 3, 1937 (P.L.1333, No.320), known as the Pennsylvania Election Code, in dates of elections and primaries and special elections, further providing for elections on ...
    HB1562 KHAN A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, providing for health care as a human right.
    HB1718 M. BROWN A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, providing for removal of municipal officers.
    HB1776 SAMUELSON A Joint Resolution proposing integrated and distinct amendments to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, repealing provisions relating to Legislative Reapportionment Commission an...
    HB1793 KLUNK A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for qualifications of certain judges.
    HB1828 RABB A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for qualifications of electors.
    HB1888 OTTEN A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, providing for personal reproductive liberty.
    HB1890 R. MACKENZIE A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for qualifications of electors.
    HB1991 KAZEEM A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for exemptions and special provisions relating to payment of real property tax...
    HB2016 FIEDLER A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, repealing provisions relating to uniformity of taxation.
    HB2242 SCIALABBA A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for security from searches and seizures.
    HR0156 BOROWICZ A Resolution designating the month of June 2023 as "Life Month" in Pennsylvania.
    SB0001 LAUGHLIN A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for courts to be open and suits against the Commonwealth.
    SB0002 AUMENT A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for action on concurrent orders and resolutions.
    SB0023 BAKER A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for courts to be open and suits against the Commonwealth.
    SB0130 COLEMAN A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, providing for election audits.
    SB0177 BARTOLOTTA A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for exemptions and special provisions.
    SB0183 BOSCOLA A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, providing for expiration of authority to levy or collect real property taxes on homesteads and f...
    SB0197 BARTOLOTTA A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for pardoning power and Board of Pardons.
    SB0201 BARTOLOTTA A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, providing for spending limitations.
    SB0227 PHILLIPS-HILL A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, prohibiting the passage of unfunded directives from the General Assembly concerning education pa...
    SB0234 MASTRIANO A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for tenure of justices, judges and justices of the peace.
    SB0273 YAW A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for judicial administration.
    SB0292 MASTRIANO A Joint Resolution proposing separate and distinct amendments to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for method of elections and secrecy in voting and for abse...
    SB0353 DUSH An Act providing for display of the Preamble of the Constitution of Pennsylvania in each school building.
    SB0408 PHILLIPS-HILL An Act amending the act of June 3, 1937 (P.L.1333, No.320), known as the Pennsylvania Election Code, in the Secretary of the Commonwealth, further providing for explanation of ballot question.
    SB0409 PHILLIPS-HILL A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for appropriation bills.
    SB0510 LAUGHLIN A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for legislative districts.
    SB0535 BOSCOLA A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for prohibition against denial or abridgment of equality of rights because of ...
    SB0539 FONTANA A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, providing for minimum wage.
    SB0570 ARGALL A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for Lieutenant Governor.
    SB0635 DILLON A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for exemptions and special provisions relating to taxation.
    SB0733 BROOKS A Joint Resolution proposing integrated amendments to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for election of justices, judges and justices of the peace and vacanc...
    SB0738 DUSH A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, providing for interstate compacts.
    SB0811 BOSCOLA A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, providing for powers reserved to the people.
    SB1022 DUSH A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, providing for will of the people.
    SB1075 FLYNN A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for exemptions and special provisions.
  • VETERANS AND DISABLED VETERANS (67)

    HB0073 KERWIN An Act amending Title 75 (Vehicles) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in registration of vehicles, providing for Operation Inherent Resolve veterans plate.
    HB0092 ROWE An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in veteran-owned small businesses, providing for small diverse business.
    HB0105 CIRESI An Act amending Title 75 (Vehicles) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in fees, further providing for exemption of persons, entities and vehicles from fees.
    HB0231 HILL-EVANS An Act amending Title 42 (Judiciary and Judicial Procedure) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in post-trial matters, further providing for eligibility for relief, providing for postconvi...
    HB0235 HILL-EVANS An Act establishing the Veterans' Housing Assistance Program; imposing duties on Pennsylvania Housing Finance Agency and Department of Military and Veterans Affairs; and making appropriations.
    HB0236 HILL-EVANS An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, providing for veterans property tax rebate and rent rebate assistance; establishing the Veterans Prop...
    HB0269 WEBSTER An Act amending Title 16 (Counties) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, consolidating the act of April 8, 1868 (P.L.73, No.37), entitled "An act to authorize the recorder of deeds in the s...
    HB0325 STAATS An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in Department of Military Affairs, providing for burial benefits.
    HB0363 MARKOSEK An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, providing for the exclusion of veterans' benefit payments from income for Commonwealth programs.
    HB0402 MARKOSEK An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in veterans' organizations, further providing for grants to veterans' service officer programs.
    HB0480 SOLOMON An Act amending Title 75 (Vehicles) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in rules of the road in general, further providing for additional parking regulations.
    HB0501 GUENST An Act providing funding to the Department of Military and Veterans Affairs for the purpose of providing current service members and veterans with access to high-definition fiber tracking brain s...
    HB0542 GREGORY An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in veterans' pensions and benefits, further providing for blind veteran's pension and for amputee and paraly...
    HB0566 ZIMMERMAN An Act amending Title 18 (Crimes and Offenses) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in firearms and other dangerous articles, further providing for licenses.
    HB0588 KINSEY An Act amending Title 61 (Prisons and Parole) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in general administration relating to correctional institutions, providing for prerelease briefings on vet...
    HB0599 McNEILL An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in educational gratuity program, further providing for eligibility and qualification requirements.
    HB0674 PROBST A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for exemptions and special provisions.
    HB0804 BURNS An Act amending the act of December 15, 1982 (P.L.1266, No.287), entitled "An act conferring limited residency status on military personnel, their dependents and civilian personnel assigned to an...
    HB0809 HANBIDGE An Act amending Title 75 (Vehicles) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in fees, further providing for exemption of persons, entities and vehicles from fees.
    HB0877 PIELLI An Act amending Titles 30 (Fish) and 34 (Game) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in fishing licenses, providing for active duty military fishing reciprocity and for disabled veteran annu...
    HB0892 KAUFER An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in Department of Military Affairs, establishing the PA VETConnect Program.
    HB1086 TAKAC An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in Department of Military Affairs, further providing for veterans registry; and making an editorial change.
    HB1091 D. WILLIAMS An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in veterans' pensions and benefits, further providing for blind veteran's pension and for amputee and paraly...
    HB1239 WEBSTER An Act establishing the Veterans Entering the Sustainability Sector Program and the Veterans Entering the Sustainability Sector Fund; and imposing duties on the Department of Agriculture, the Dep...
    HB1317 STRUZZI An Act amending Title 62 (Procurement) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in diverse and disadvantaged businesses, further providing for definitions and for woman-owned business, minority...
    HB1365 ARMANINI An Act amending the act of June 28, 1995 (P.L.89, No.18), known as the Conservation and Natural Resources Act, in Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, further providing for fees and ...
    HB1401 PROBST An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in disabled veterans' real estate tax exemption, further providing for exemption.
    HB1450 DONAHUE An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in decorations, medals, badges and awards, further providing for authorized decorations, medals, badges and ...
    HB1532 MADSEN An Act amending the act of June 28, 1995 (P.L.89, No.18), known as the Conservation and Natural Resources Act, in Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, further providing for fees and ...
    HB1626 DEASY An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in Department of Military Affairs, establishing the PA VETConnect Program; providing for veterans' benefits ...
    HB1747 GUENST An Act amending Title 75 (Vehicles) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in registration of vehicles, further providing for special motorcycle plates related to veterans, for special plate...
    HB1905 M. BROWN An Act providing for small business fee exemption.
    HB1991 KAZEEM A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for exemptions and special provisions relating to payment of real property tax...
    HB2009 KAZEEM An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in veterans' temporary assistance, further providing for amounts of assistance.
    HB2044 O'NEAL An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in disabled veterans' real estate tax exemption, further providing for exemption.
    HB2256 SCOTT An Act amending Titles 51 (Military Affairs), 62 (Procurement) and 74 (Transportation) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in veteran-owned small businesses, further providing for definiti...
    HB2267 GUZMAN An Act amending Title 62 (Procurement) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in diverse and disadvantaged businesses, further providing for definitions and for woman-owned business, minority...
    HR0058 PISCIOTTANO A Resolution recognizing September 15, 2023, as "Roberto Clemente Day" in Pennsylvania and encouraging the celebration of his life as a humanitarian, veteran and Hall of Fame baseball player.
    HR0147 R. MACKENZIE A Resolution designating August 7, 2023, as "Purple Heart Day" in Pennsylvania.
    HR0335 TAKAC A Resolution establishing the Pennsylvania Task Force on Agent Orange and Other Toxins to study and issue a report on how best to connect veterans who were exposed to Agent Orange and other toxin...
    SB0089 MUTH An Act establishing the Veterans' Housing Assistance Program; and making appropriations.
    SB0091 MUTH An Act amending the act of March 4, 1971 (P.L.6, No.2), known as the Tax Reform Code of 1971, providing for veterans property tax and rent rebate assistance; establishing the Veterans Property Ta...
    SB0126 MASTRIANO An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, providing for the exclusion of veterans' benefit payments from income for Commonwealth programs.
    SB0177 BARTOLOTTA A Joint Resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, further providing for exemptions and special provisions.
    SB0189 J. WARD An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in veterans' pensions and benefits, further providing for blind veteran's pension and for amputee and paraly...
    SB0194 PENNYCUICK An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in disabled veterans' real estate tax exemption, further providing for duty of commission.
    SB0203 FONTANA An Act amending the act of November 24, 2004 (P.L.1270, No.153), referred to as the Pennsylvania Amber Alert System Law, establishing the Pennsylvania Green Alert System; and further providing fo...
    SB0248 MASTRIANO An Act amending Title 64 (Public Authorities and Quasi-Public Corporations) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in Commonwealth Financing Authority, establishing the Veteran-owned Business...
    SB0398 COSTA An Act amending Title 75 (Vehicles) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in fees, further providing for exemption of persons, entities and vehicles from fees.
    SB0411 PENNYCUICK An Act amending Title 30 (Fish) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in fishing licenses, further providing for disabled veterans and former prisoners of war and for deployed Pennsylvania N...
    SB0438 BARTOLOTTA An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in veteran-owned small businesses, further providing for definitions; adding miscellaneous provisions relati...
    SB0447 MASTRIANO An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in Department of Military Affairs, establishing the PA VETConnect Program.
    SB0450 TARTAGLIONE An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in disabled veterans' real estate tax exemption, further providing for definitions and for duty of commissio...
    SB0499 BAKER An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in Department of Military Affairs, further providing for advisory councils for veterans' homes; and making a...
    SB0531 BAKER An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in State Veterans' Commission and Deputy Adjutant General for Veterans' Affairs, further providing for Veter...
    SB0599 BROOKS An Act amending Title 53 (Municipalities Generally) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in consolidated county assessment, further providing for exemptions from taxation.
    SB0680 BROOKS An Act amending Title 18 (Crimes and Offenses) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in firearms and other dangerous articles, further providing for licenses.
    SB0698 ROBINSON An Act amending Title 34 (Game) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in hunting and furtaking licenses, further providing for license requirements.
    SB0844 PENNYCUICK An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in disabled veterans' real estate tax exemption, further providing for exemption.
    SB0884 PENNYCUICK An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in veteran-owned small businesses, providing for small diverse business.
    SB0912 LANGERHOLC An Act amending the act of June 28, 1995 (P.L.89, No.18), known as the Conservation and Natural Resources Act, in Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, further providing for fees and ...
    SB0947 PENNYCUICK An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in disabled veterans' real estate tax exemption, further providing for exemption.
    SB0973 PENNYCUICK An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in general provisions, providing for veteran of Korean Armed Forces.
    SB1108 BROWN An Act amending Title 38 (Holidays and Observances) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in veteran recognition, providing for K9 Veterans Day.
    SB1145 PENNYCUICK An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in general provisions, providing for prohibiting claim sharks.
    SB1160 MASTRIANO An Act amending Title 38 (Holidays and Observances) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in veteran recognition, providing for Vietnam War Veterans Day.
    SB1192 GEBHARD An Act amending Title 51 (Military Affairs) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in Department of Military Affairs, further providing for Fort Indiantown Gap; and establishing the Service M...