PRINTER'S NO. 3339
No. 2404 Session of 1986
INTRODUCED BY SAURMAN, ITKIN, GEORGE, REBER, STABACK, FOX,
NAHILL, ARTY, HERSHEY, J. TAYLOR, WOGAN, KOSINSKI, WESTON,
HERMAN, TRELLO, E. Z. TAYLOR, FISCHER, BUNT, R. C. WRIGHT,
JOSEPHS, MORRIS, PHILLIPS, DAVIES, BELARDI, RICHARDSON,
D. W. SNYDER AND CIVERA, APRIL 21, 1986
REFERRED TO COMMITTEE ON CONSERVATION, APRIL 21, 1986
AN ACT
1 Providing for the handling of asbestos-containing waste; and
2 conferring powers and duties on the Department of
3 Environmental Resources.
4 The General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
5 hereby enacts as follows:
6 Section 1. Short title.
7 This act shall be known and may be cited as the Asbestos
8 Waste Disposal Act.
9 Section 2. Declaration of policy.
10 The General Assembly finds and declares as follows:
11 (1) Substantial amounts of asbestos materials are being
12 removed from schools and buildings throughout this
13 Commonwealth.
14 (2) Exposure to asbestos fibers and particles in the air
15 has been linked, by reputable medical and scientific
16 authorities, to a significant increase in the incidence of
17 disease, such as asbestosis, bronchogenic carcinoma,
1 mesothelioma and other malignancies.
2 (3) Present storage, containment, transportation and
3 disposal methods of asbestos-containing waste do not meet
4 acceptable standards and, therefore, constitute a potential
5 significant health hazard.
6 (4) The purpose of this act is to provide for the proper
7 storage, containment, transportation and disposal of
8 asbestos-containing waste to ensure that exposure to asbestos
9 fibers is limited or nonexistent.
10 Section 3. Definitions.
11 The following words and phrases when used in this act shall
12 have the meanings given to them in this section unless the
13 context clearly indicates otherwise:
14 "Active waste disposal site." A disposal site other than an
15 inactive site.
16 "Adequately wetted." Sufficiently mixed or coated with water
17 or an aqueous solution to prevent dust emissions.
18 "Asbestos." The asbestiform varieties of serpentinite
19 (chrysotile), riebeckite (crocidolite), cummingtonitegrunerite,
20 anthophyllite and actinolite-tremolite.
21 "Asbestos-containing waste materials." Waste that contains
22 commercial asbestos and is generated by a source subject to 40
23 CFR Part 61, Subpart M. The term includes asbestos mill
24 tailings, asbestos waste from control devices, friable asbestos
25 waste material and bags or containers that previously contained
26 commercial asbestos. As applied to demolition and renovation
27 operations, the term includes only friable asbestos waste and
28 asbestos waste from control devices.
29 "Asbestos material." Asbestos or material containing
30 asbestos.
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1 "Asbestos mill." A facility engaged in converting, or in any
2 intermediate step in converting, asbestos ore into commercial
3 asbestos. Outside storage of asbestos material is not considered
4 a part of the asbestos mill.
5 "Asbestos tailings." Solid waste that contains asbestos and
6 is a product of asbestos mining or milling operations.
7 "Asbestos waste from control devices." Waste material that
8 contains asbestos and is collected by a pollution control
9 device.
10 "Commercial asbestos." Asbestos that is extracted from
11 asbestos ore.
12 "Demolition." The wrecking or taking out of a load-
13 supporting structural member of a facility, together with
14 related handling operations.
15 "Department." The Department of Environmental Resources of
16 the Commonwealth.
17 "Emergency renovation operation." A renovation operation
18 that was not planned but results from a sudden, unexpected
19 event. The term includes operations necessitated by nonroutine
20 failures of equipment.
21 "Fabricating." Processing of a manufactured product that
22 contains commercial asbestos. The term does not include
23 processing at temporary sites for the construction or
24 restoration of facilities.
25 "Facility." An institutional, commercial or industrial
26 structure, installation or building. The term excludes apartment
27 buildings having four or less dwelling units.
28 "Facility component." A pipe, duct, boiler, tank, reactor,
29 turbine or furnace at or in a facility or a structural member of
30 a facility.
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1 "Friable asbestos material." Material containing more than
2 1% asbestos by weight that hand pressure can crumble, pulverize
3 or reduce to powder when dry.
4 "Inactive waste disposal site." A disposal site or portion
5 of it where additional asbestos-containing waste material will
6 not be deposited and where the surface is not disturbed by
7 vehicular traffic.
8 "Manufacturing." The combining of commercial asbestos or, in
9 the case of woven friction products, the combining of textiles
10 containing commercial asbestos, with other material, including
11 commercial asbestos, and the processing of this combination into
12 a product.
13 "Outside air." The air outside buildings and structures.
14 "Particulate asbestos material." Finely divided particles of
15 asbestos material.
16 "Planned renovation operations." A renovation operation, or
17 a number of such operations, in which the amount of friable
18 asbestos material that will be removed or stripped within a
19 given period of time can be predicted. Individual nonscheduled
20 operations are included if a number of such operations can be
21 predicted to occur during a given period of time based on
22 operating experience.
23 "Remove." To take out friable asbestos materials from a
24 facility.
25 "Renovation." Altering one or more facility components. The
26 term does not include operations in which load-supporting
27 structural members are wrecked or taken out.
28 "Roadways." Surfaces on which motor vehicles travel. The
29 term includes highways, roads, streets, parking areas and
30 driveways.
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1 "Strip." To take off friable asbestos materials from part of
2 a facility.
3 "Structural member." A load-supporting member of a facility,
4 such as beams and load-supporting walls, or a nonload-supporting
5 member, such as ceilings and nonload-supporting walls.
6 "Visible emissions." Emissions containing particulate
7 asbestos material that are visually detectable without the aid
8 of instruments. The term does not include condensed uncombined
9 water vapor.
10 Section 4. Storage and containment.
11 (a) General rule.--Friable asbestos containing waste shall
12 either be processed or formed into nonfriable forms, treated
13 with water (wetted), or treated by another method approved by
14 the department.
15 (b) Storage.--After wetting, friable asbestos-containing
16 waste shall be sealed in leak-tight containers while wet.
17 Sealing shall be interpreted as rendering the container
18 sufficiently closed from the outside air as far as storage,
19 transportation and disposal is concerned so that no leak occurs
20 which could cause visible asbestos emission to the outside air.
21 (1) The following two container forms are acceptable for
22 the proper storage of asbestos-containing waste:
23 (i) Multiple leak-proof plastic bags with 12 mils
24 cumulative thickness.
25 (ii) Single/multiple leak-proof plastic bags with
26 six mils cumulative thickness enclosed in a steel or
27 cardboard drum.
28 (2) The containers specified in paragraph (1), shall be
29 labeled. The labels shall be printed in letters of sufficient
30 size and contrast as to be readily visible and legible. They
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1 shall bear one of the following warnings:
2 CAUTION
3 Contains Asbestos
4 Avoid Opening or Breaking Container
5 Breathing Asbestos is Hazardous to Your Health
6 CAUTION
7 Contains Asbestos Fibers
8 Avoid Creating Dust
9 Breathing Asbestos May Cause Serious Bodily Harm
10 (3) The requirements of this subsection are in addition
11 to those required by the Federal Environmental Protection
12 Agency's National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air
13 Pollutants, 40 CFR 61, Subpart M; 25 Pa. Code Chapter 75
14 (relating to solid waste management); and other relevant
15 State or Federal statutes and regulations.
16 (c) Exceptions.--
17 (1) Nonfriable asbestos-containing waste does not
18 require processing treatment or special packaging as long as
19 the waste is not rendered friable at any stage.
20 (2) The department may approve an alternative storage
21 method if the waste quantity or physical form does not lend
22 itself to storage under subsection (b). No visible emissions
23 should occur due to the alternative methods.
24 Section 5. Transportation.
25 (a) General rule.--
26 (1) The asbestos-containing waste material shall be
27 transported in a vehicle without compaction and in a manner
28 which will not create visible emission to the outside air. If
29 asbestos is transported with other waste, it shall be done in
30 such a manner that the asbestos is segregated from the other
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1 waste to ensure the safe handling and disposal without the
2 risk of comingling.
3 (2) The vehicle transporting asbestos-containing waste
4 shall be covered by a tarp in all cases.
5 (3) Friable asbestos shall be removed from demolition
6 waste prior to bulk transportation.
7 (b) Recordkeeping.--
8 (1) Before accepting wastes, a transporter shall
9 determine if the waste is properly wetted and containerized.
10 (2) A transporter shall require a chain-of-custody form
11 signed by the generator. The chain-of-custody form shall
12 include:
13 (i) The name and address of the generator.
14 (ii) The name and address of the pickup site.
15 (iii) The estimated quantity of asbestos-containing
16 waste.
17 (iv) The types of containers used.
18 (v) The destination of the waste.
19 (vi) The signature of the disposal site operator
20 upon delivery at a waste disposal facility.
21 (c) Other law.--The transportation of asbestos containing
22 waste shall conform to the applicable requirements found in 40
23 CFR 61, Subpart M; 25 Pa. Code Chapter 75 (relating to solid
24 waste management); and other relevant State or Federal statutes
25 and regulations.
26 Section 6. Disposal.
27 (a) Selecting disposal site.--
28 (1) Asbestos-containing waste shall be disposed of at a
29 site which has a special permit issued by the department to
30 receive such waste. The department shall specify in the
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1 permit the maximum quantity of the asbestos-containing waste
2 which may be received per day and in total.
3 (b) Receiving asbestos-containing waste.--
4 (1) A disposal site approved for receipt of asbestos-
5 containing waste shall require notification by the generator
6 that the load contains asbestos.
7 (2) The disposal site operator shall:
8 (i) Inspect the loads to verify that asbestos waste
9 is properly contained in leak-tight containers and
10 labeled appropriately.
11 (ii) Contact the Federal Environmental Protection
12 Agency if the operator believes the asbestos-containing
13 waste is in a condition that may cause significant fiber
14 release during disposal.
15 (iii) After verification that the load is
16 acceptable, sign the chain-of-custody form to release the
17 asbestos-containing waste from the hauler.
18 (c) Waste disposition and covering.--
19 (1) The permitted disposal site shall be required to
20 cover friable asbestos-containing waste immediately upon
21 receipt at the disposal facility.
22 (2) Asbestos-containing waste shall be covered in one of
23 the following ways:
24 (i) With at least six inches of compacted
25 nonasbestos-containing material.
26 (ii) With a resinous or petroleum-based dust
27 suppression agent that effectively binds dust and
28 controls wind erosion. This agent shall be used as
29 recommended for the particular dust suppression agent.
30 Other equally effective dust suppression agents may be
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1 used upon prior approval by the Federal Environmental
2 Protection Agency.
3 (3) No asbestos-containing waste may be allowed to be
4 stored onsite. If the cover requirements cannot be met, no
5 asbestos-containing waste may be accepted at the facility.
6 (4) Asbestos-containing waste shall be disposed into
7 segregated cells. Asbestos-containing waste may not be mixed
8 directly with other wastes. There shall be a separate area of
9 the facility for asbestos waste disposal.
10 (5) Covering asbestos-containing waste shall be
11 accomplished in a manner to ensure that there will be no
12 visible emissions by disturbing or puncturing the asbestos-
13 containing waste containers.
14 (6) Final closure of a cell containing asbestos waste
15 shall be as follows:
16 (i) The disposal facility shall cover the cell
17 containing asbestos waste with at least an additional 30
18 inches of compacted nonasbestos material to provide a 36-
19 inch final cover.
20 (ii) To control erosion of the final cover, the area
21 shall be properly graded and vegetated.
22 (d) Controlling public access.--
23 (1) Sites which dispose of asbestos-containing waste
24 shall require fencing around the perimeter of the sections of
25 the sites where asbestos-containing waste is deposited. The
26 fencing shall be at least six feet high, and it shall be
27 topped with a barb wire guard to deter public access.
28 (2) Access to the facilities shall be limited to one or
29 two entrances with gates that can be locked if left
30 unattended.
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1 (3) Warning signs shall be displayed at all entrances
2 and at intervals of 330 feet or less along the property line
3 at the site. The warning signs shall:
4 (i) Be posted in such a manner and location that a
5 person can easily read the legend.
6 (ii) Conform to the requirements of 51-cm. x 36-cm.
7 (20" x 14") upright formal signs specified in 29 CFR
8 1910.145(d)(4).
9 (iii) Display the following legend in the lower
10 panel with letter sizes and styles of a visibility at
11 least equal to those specified in this subparagraph.
12 Legend Size
13 Asbestos Waste Disposal 2.5 cm (1 inch Sans Serif,
14 Site Gothic or Block)
15 Do Not Create Dust 1.9 cm (3/4 inch) Sans Serif,
16 Gothic or Block
17 Breathing Asbestos is 14 Point Gothic
18 Hazardous to Your
19 Health
20 (e) Conveyance of disposal site property.--
21 (1) The grantor, in a deed for the conveyance of
22 property in which asbestos-containing waste is presently
23 being disposed, or has ever been disposed by the grantor or
24 to the grantor's actual knowledge, shall include in the
25 property description section of the deed an acknowledgement
26 of asbestos-containing waste disposal and a notice warning
27 against excavation of the disposal site. The acknowledgement
28 shall include, but not be limited to, the extent the
29 information is available, the surface area size and tract
30 location of the disposed waste. These requirements shall be
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1 made part of the deed for future conveyances or transfers of
2 the subject property. The warranty in the deed shall not be
3 applicable to the surface area size and exact location of the
4 disposed asbestos-containing waste.
5 (f) Other law.--The disposal of asbestos-containing waste
6 shall conform to the applicable requirements found in 40 CFR 61,
7 Subpart M, and other relevant State or Federal statutes and
8 regulations.
9 Section 7. Demolition.
10 (a) General rule.--Removable asbestos concentrations shall
11 be removed from the buildings or demolition wastes before
12 storage, transportation and disposal at demolition waste sites.
13 (b) Exception.--A variance to subsection (a) may be
14 considered if the asbestos concentrations involved are
15 nonfriable or are in such a small quantity that the removal is
16 either impractical or unnecessary.
17 Section 8. Applicability of Federal and State laws and
18 regulations.
19 If the requirements of this act conflict with Federal or
20 State statutes and regulations, the requirements of this act
21 shall apply if they are not less restrictive than Federal
22 statutes and regulations.
23 Section 9. Disapproval.
24 The department may disapprove or rescind a prior approval if
25 any of the following applies:
26 (1) The requirements of this act are not met.
27 (2) Waste characteristics are different from those
28 provided in submitted documents.
29 (3) Waste is handled in an environmentally unsound
30 manner.
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1 (4) Waste disposal, alone or in conjunction with other
2 waste, would create a nuisance, harm or hazard to the public
3 or the environment.
4 (5) Conditions of the request by the applicant or the
5 approval by the department conflict with the act of July 7,
6 1980 (P.L.380, No.97), known as the Solid Waste Management
7 Act, or relevant Federal regulations.
8 Section 10. Effective date.
9 This act shall take effect in 60 days.
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