AN ACT

 

1Amending Title 20 (Decedents, Estates and Fiduciaries) of the
2Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in orphans' court 
3divisions, further providing for nonmandatory exercise of 
4jurisdiction through orphans' court division; in wills,
5further providing for rules of interpretation; in
6dispositions independent of letters, family exemption,
7probate of wills and grant of letters, providing for
8submission to jurisdiction; in administration and personal
9representatives, further providing for continuation of
10business and for incorporation of estate's business; in
11accounts and distribution, further providing for
12determination of title to decedent's interest in real estate; 
13in health care, further providing for authority of health 
14care agent and for relation of health care agent to court-
15appointed guardian and other agents; in powers of attorney, 
16further providing <-for general provisions, for form of power 
17of attorney, for implementation of power of attorney, for 
18durable powers of attorney and for account; providing for 
<-19investigation of financial abuse and mismanagement and for 
20jurisdiction and venue; in estates, further providing for
21release or disclaimer of powers or interests; in estates,
22providing for release of powers and interests and disclaimer
23of powers; providing for powers of appointment; in trusts,
24further providing for nonjudicial settlement agreements - UTC
25111, for representation of parties in interest in general,
26for division of trusts, for resignation of trustee and filing
27resignation, for duty to inform and report, for limitation of 
28action against trustee and for powers, duties and liabilities
29identical with personal representatives; codifying provisions
30of the Charitable Instruments Act of 1971; in principal and
31income, further providing for charitable trusts; and making a
32related repeal.

1The General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
2hereby enacts as follows:

3Section 1. Sections 712(1) and 2514(13) of Title 20 of the
4Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes are amended to read:

5§ 712. Nonmandatory exercise of jurisdiction through orphans'
6court division.

7The jurisdiction of the court of common pleas over the
8following may be exercised through either its orphans' court
9division or other appropriate division:

10(1) Title to real estate.--The determination of the
11persons to whom the title to real estate of a decedent or of
12the creator of an estate or trust has passed by devise or
13descent or by the terms of the trust instrument where
14jurisdiction of such estate or trust is exercised through the
15orphans' court division: Provided, That nothing herein shall
16be construed to restrict the provisions of section 711
17(relating to mandatory exercise of jurisdiction through
18orphans' court division in general) relating to distribution
19of real estate in an estate or trust. If section 3546 
20(relating to determination of title to decedent's interest in 
21real estate) applies, the procedures under that section shall 
22govern. For other actions to quiet title to real estate, this 
23section shall govern.

24* * *

25§ 2514. Rules of interpretation.

26In the absence of a contrary intent appearing therein, wills
27shall be construed as to real and personal estate in accordance
28with the following rules:

29* * *

30[(13) Power of appointment.--A general devise of the

1real estate of the testator, or of the real estate of the
2testator in any place, or in the occupation of any person
3mentioned in his will, or otherwise described in a general
4manner, shall be construed to include any real estate, or any
5real estate to which such description shall extend, as the
6case may be, which he shall have power to appoint in any
7manner he shall think proper, and shall operate as an
8execution of such power. In like manner, a bequest of the
9personal estate of the testator, or any bequest of personal
10property described in a general manner, shall be construed to
11include any personal estate, or any personal estate to which
12such description shall extend, as the case may be, which he
13shall have power to appoint in any manner he shall think
14proper, and shall operate as an execution of such power. In
15like manner, a general pecuniary legacy, when the assets of
16the individual estate of the testator are not sufficient for
17its payment, shall, to the extent necessary to make possible
18the payment of the legacy, be construed to include any estate
19which the testator shall have power to appoint in any manner
20he shall think proper, and shall to such extent operate as an
21execution of such power.]

22* * *

23Section 2. Title 20 is amended by adding a section to read:

24§ 3163. Submission to jurisdiction.

25(a) General rule.--By accepting appointment by the register
26of wills, the personal representative submits personally to the
27jurisdiction of the orphans' court division of the county where
28letters testamentary or letters of administration are granted in
29all matters involving the performance of the personal
30representative's duties as personal representative, and an

1action by any interested party seeking an accounting by, or
2removal of, the personal representative, or alleging breach of
3duty by the personal representative, shall be commenced by
4notice to the personal representative.

5(b) Criminal contempt.--Notwithstanding subsection (a), no
6personal representative shall be held in criminal contempt of an
7order of the orphans' court division without the prior issuance
8of a citation and service of process.

9Section 3. Sections 3314, 3315, 3546, 5456(a) and 5460(a) of
10Title 20 are amended to read:

11§ 3314. Continuation of business.

12[The court,] Giving due regard to the provisions of the 
13governing instrument and any other factor that the court deems 
14relevant, and aided by the report of a master if necessary, the 
15court may authorize the personal representative to continue any
16business of the estate for the benefit of the estate [and in
17doing so the court, for cause shown, may disregard the
18provisions of the governing instrument, if any]. The order may
19be with or without notice. If prior notice is not given to all
20parties in interest, it shall be given within five days after
21the order or within such extended time as the court, for cause
22shown, shall allow. Any party in interest may, at any time,
23petition the court to revoke or modify the order. The order may
24provide:

25(1) for the conduct of business, by the personal
26representative alone or jointly with others, or, unless
27restricted by the terms of the governing instrument, as a
28corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other 
29entity to be formed;

30(2) the extent of the liability of the estate or any

1part thereof, or of the personal representative, for
2obligations incurred in the continuation of the business;

3(3) whether liabilities incurred in the conduct of the
4business are to be chargeable solely to the part of the
5estate set aside for use in the business or to the estate as
6a whole;

7(4) the period of time the business may be conducted;
8[and]

9(4.1) for the compensation of a personal representative
10actively managing, supervising or engaging in the operation
11of an entity or business, from the estate's assets or from
12the entity or business, as appropriate, provided that the
13compensation is reasonably based upon the actual
14responsibilities assumed and performed; and

15(5) such other regulations, including accountings, as
16the court shall deem advisable.

17§ 3315. Incorporation of or formation of entity to operate
18estate's business.

19After notice to all parties in interest, aided by the report
20of a master if necessary, and giving due regard to the 
21provisions of the governing instrument and any other factor that 
22the court deems relevant, the court[, unless restricted by the
23terms of the governing instrument,] may authorize the personal
24representative alone or jointly with others, to organize a
25corporation, or form a partnership, limited liability company or 
26other entity, to carry on the business of the estate, whether
27the business was owned solely or with others, and may contribute
28for stock of the corporation, as capital, or for an interest in 
29a partnership, limited liability company or other entity, all or
30part of the property of the estate which was invested in the

1business.

2§ 3546. Determination of title to decedent's interest in real
3estate.

4[When a person shall die leaving an interest in real estate
5within the Commonwealth and no letters testamentary or of
6administration have been granted on the estate of the decedent
7in the Commonwealth, and one year has expired since the
8decedent's death, or if a personal representative has been
9appointed and has not filed his account within six years of the
10death of the decedent, any person claiming an interest in the
11real estate as or through an heir or devisee of the decedent may
12present a petition to establish title thereto in the orphans'
13court division of the county where the letters testamentary or
14of administration have been granted, or should no letters have
15been granted, then in the orphans' court division of the county
16within which was the family or principal residence of the
17decedent. If the decedent was a nonresident of the Commonwealth,
18the petition may be presented in the orphans' court division of
19any county wherein any of the real estate shall lie. The court,
20aided if necessary by the report of a master, may enter its
21decree nisi adjudging that the title to the decedent's interest
22in the real estate is in such person or persons as the court
23shall determine. Notice of the decree nisi shall be given to
24creditors and other parties in interest, by advertisement and
25otherwise, as the court shall direct. If no exception to the
26decree is filed within three months, it shall be confirmed
27absolutely, free of all decedent's debts not then liens of
28record, and regardless of the provisions of any testamentary
29writing of the decedent thereafter probated. A certified copy of
30the decree shall be recorded in the office of the recorder of

1deeds of each county where real estate included in the decree
2shall lie, shall be indexed by the recorder in the grantor's
3index under the name of the decedent and in the grantee's index
4under the name of each distributee, and shall be registered in
5the survey bureau or with the proper authorities empowered to
6keep a register of real estate in the county.]

7(a) Applicability.--This section shall apply if:

8(1) A person dies leaving an interest in real estate
9within this Commonwealth.

10(2) Either of the following occurs:

11(i) No letters testamentary or letters of
12administration have been granted on the estate of the
13decedent in this Commonwealth and one year has expired
14since the decedent's death.

15(ii) A personal representative has been appointed
16but has not filed an account within six years of the
17decedent's death.

18(3) There is a conflict between this section and either 
19section 2103(6) (relating to shares of others than surviving 
20spouse) or Article XIII.1 of the act of April 9, 1929 
21(P.L.343, No.176), known as The Fiscal Code, with respect to 
22a petition by an entity under subsection (c)(2). The rights 
23granted under this section shall supersede any right of the 
24Commonwealth created under section 2103(6) or Article XIII.1 
25of The Fiscal Code.

26(b) Subject of petition.--A person or entity authorized by
27subsection (c) may present a petition under this section to:

28(1) terminate an interest in the real estate of other
29heirs or devisees of the decedent who, after being given
30proper notice under subsection (f); or

1(2) have declared as void, unenforceable and canceled of
2record a fraudulent conveyance of the decedent's interest in
3the real estate and to the extent otherwise authorized by law
4any lien, title, claim or interest arising in the property
5by, from or under the fraudulent conveyance, including any
6subsequent transfers of property following the fraudulent
7conveyance and any liens to the extent that they have
8attached to the property as a result of the fraudulent
9conveyance, after all interested parties have been given
10proper notice under subsection (f).

11(c) Who may petition.--The following persons and entities
12may petition to establish title to the decedent's real estate:

13(1) A person claiming an interest in the real estate:

14(i) as an heir or devisee of the decedent;

15(ii) through the decedent; or

16(iii) through an heir or devisee of the decedent,
17when the heir or devisee is deceased or has conveyed all
18or part of the heir or devisee's interest in the property
19to the person.

20(2) A nonprofit corporation organized for community
21development purposes under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal
22Revenue Code (Public Law 99-514, 26 U.S.C. § 1 et seq.), a
23municipality in which the real estate is located or a
24redevelopment authority created and organized under the act
25of May 24, 1945 (P.L.991, No.385), known as the Urban
26Redevelopment Law, having jurisdiction in the municipality in
27which the real estate is located upon a showing by clear and
28convincing evidence to the court that:

29(i) No heirs or devisees exist or have taken action
30with respect to the real estate for at least five years

1since the decedent's death.

2(ii) The real estate is not occupied by a person
3claiming rights by adverse possession.

4(d) Priority of petitions.--Where there are two or more
5petitions for the same real estate under subsection (c)(2), the
6court shall give priority in entering its order to one of the
7petitioners in the following order:

8(1) The municipality.

9(2) The redevelopment authority.

10(3) The nonprofit corporation.

11(e) Where to petition.--A petition under this section shall
12be filed in the orphans' court division of the county where:

13(1) the letters testamentary or letters of
14administration have been granted;

15(2) the principal residence of the decedent was located,
16if no letters testamentary or letters of administration have
17been granted; or

18(3) any of the real estate is located, if the decedent
19was a nonresident of this Commonwealth.

20(f) Notice of petition.--

21(1) Notice shall be given to all persons reasonably
22identifiable as eligible to file a petition under subsection
23(c), creditors that do not have liens of record, to the
24extent known, and all other persons and parties in interest
25reasonably known to hold or claim a lien, title, claim or
26other interest in the property in accordance with the
27Pennsylvania Orphans' Court Rules. Notice shall also be given
28by:

29(i) publication once a week during three successive
30calendar weeks in the legal periodical, if any, and in a

1newspaper of general circulation published at or near the
2location of the real estate;

3(ii) posting a copy of the petition on the most
4public part of the property; and

5(iii) such other methods, if any, as the court deems
6appropriate to give notice.

7(2) If letters testamentary or letters of administration
8have been granted on the estate of the decedent, notice of
9the petition under this section shall be given to the
10personal representative of the decedent.

11(3) A lis pendens notice shall be given in each county
12where the real estate is located in the same manner and place
13as provided in section 3390 (relating to specific performance
14of contracts) for an action of specific performance.

15(g) Order.--

16(1) Aided if necessary by the report of a master, the
17court may enter an order adjudging that the title to the
18decedent's interest in the real estate is in the petitioner,
19free of all decedent's debts not then liens of record, and
20regardless of the provisions of any testamentary writing of
21the decedent thereafter probated, or an order directing other
22appropriate relief as the court determines.

23(2) A certified copy of the order shall be:

24(i) Recorded in the office of the recorder of deeds
25of each county where real estate included in the decree
26or order shall lie.

27(ii) Indexed by the recorder in the grantor's index
28under the name of the decedent and in the grantee's index
29under the name of each distributee.

30(iii) Registered in the survey bureau or with the

1proper authorities empowered to keep a register of real
2estate in the county.

3(iv) Served by the petitioner upon each party who
4has entered an appearance in the proceeding.

5(h) Parcel number or identifier.--

6(1) A petition filed under subsection (b) and notice of
7petition given under subsection (f) shall include the county
8tax parcel number or Uniform Parcel Identifier for each
9parcel included. A party alleging any failure to comply with
10the requirements of this paragraph must do so in the manner
11provided for raising an affirmative defense.

12(2) An order presented for recording under subsection
13(g) shall comply with section 3 of the act of April 24, 1931
14(P.L.48, No.40), entitled "An act requiring the recording of
15certain written agreements pertaining to real property, and
16prescribing the effect thereof as to subsequent purchasers,
17mortgages, and judgment creditors of the parties thereto."

18(i) Definition.--For the purposes of this section,
19"fraudulent conveyance" shall mean a transfer of an interest,
20lien, title or claim in real estate that occurs as a result of:

21(1) a forgery of the grantor's signature on a document
22purporting to make such transfer;

23(2) the grantor being induced by fraud,
24misrepresentation, duress or coercion to sign a document
25purporting to make such transfer; or

26(3) some other inappropriate means used to obtain the
27grantor's signature on the document purporting to make such
28transfer, as determined by a court.

29§ 5456. Authority of health care agent.

30(a) Extent of authority.--Except as expressly provided

1otherwise in a health care power of attorney and subject to
2subsection (b) and section 5460 (relating to relation of health
3care agent to court-appointed guardian and other agents), a
4health care agent shall have the authority to make any health
5care decision and to exercise any right and power regarding the
6principal's care, custody and health care treatment that the
7principal could have made and exercised. The foregoing power 
8shall include the power to authorize admission to a medical, 
9nursing, residential or similar facility, or to enter into 
10agreements for the principal's care. The health care agent's
11authority may extend beyond the principal's death to make
12anatomical gifts, dispose of the remains and consent to
13autopsies.

14* * *

15§ 5460. Relation of health care agent to court-appointed
16guardian and other agents.

17(a) Accountability of health care agent.--If a principal who
18has executed a health care power of attorney is later
19adjudicated an incapacitated person and a guardian of the person
20to make health care decisions is appointed by a court, the
21health care agent is accountable to the guardian as well as to
22the principal. [The guardian shall have the same power to revoke
23or amend the appointment of a health care agent that the
24principal would have if the principal were not incapacitated but
25may not revoke or amend other instructions in an advance health
26directive absent judicial authorization.] In its guardianship 
27order and determination of a person's incapacity, the court 
28shall determine the extent to which the health care agent's 
29authority to act remains in effect.

30* * *

<-1Section 3.1. Section 5601(b)(3), (e.1) and (e.2) of Title
220, amended July 2, 2014 (P.L.855, No.95), are amended to read:

3§ 5601. General provisions.

4* * *

5(b) Execution.--

6* * *

7(3) For a power of attorney executed on or after the
8effective date of this paragraph, the signature or mark of
9the principal, or the signature or mark of another individual
10signing a power of attorney on behalf of and at the direction
11of the principal, shall be:

12(i) Acknowledged before a notary public or other
13individual authorized by law to take acknowledgments. The
14notary public or other individual authorized by law to
15take acknowledgments shall not be the agent designated in
16the power of attorney.

17(ii) Witnessed by two individuals, each of whom is
1818 years of age or older. A witness shall not be the
19individual who signed the power of attorney on behalf of
20and at the direction of the principal, the agent
21designated in the power of attorney or the notary public
22or other person authorized by law to take acknowledgments
23before whom the power of attorney is acknowledged. For 
24acknowledgments by an attorney subject to this 
25subparagraph, the provisions of 57 Pa.C.S. § 316(2.1) 
26(relating to short form certificates) insofar as they
27relate to an attorney as subscribing witness do not 
28apply.

29* * *

30(e.1) Limitation on applicability [in commercial

1transaction] generally.--

2(1.1) Subsections [(b)(3)(ii)] (b)(3), (c) and (d) and 
3section 5601.3 (relating to agent's duties) do not apply to:

4(i) A power contained in an instrument used in a
5commercial transaction which authorizes an agency
6relationship.

7(ii) A power to the extent it is coupled with an
8interest in the subject of the power, including a power
9given to or for the benefit of a creditor in connection
10with a loan or other credit transaction.

11(iii) A power exclusively granted to facilitate
12transfer of stock, bonds and other assets.

13(iv) [A power contained in the governing document
14for a corporation, partnership or limited liability
15company or other legal entity by which a director,
16partner or member authorizes others to do other things on
17behalf of the entity or a proxy or other delegation to
18exercise voting rights or management rights with respect
19to a legal entity.] A power:

20(A) contained in the governing document for a
21corporation, partnership or limited liability company
22or other legal entity;

23(B) authorized by the law that governs the
24internal affairs of a legal entity;

25(C) by which a director, shareholder, partner,
26member or manager authorizes others to do things on
27behalf of the entity; or

28(D) contained in a proxy or other delegation to
29exercise voting rights or management rights with
30respect to legal entity.

1(v) A warrant of attorney conferring authority to
2confess judgment.

3(vi) A power given to a dealer as defined by the act
4of December 22, 1983 (P.L.306, No.84), known as the Board
5of Vehicles Act, when using the power in conjunction with
6a sale, purchase or transfer of a vehicle as authorized
7by 75 Pa.C.S. § 1119 (relating to application for
8certificate of title by agent).

9(vii) A power created on a form prescribed by a
10Commonwealth agency, political subdivision or an
11authority or instrumentality of the Commonwealth or a
12political subdivision.

13(2) Powers and powers of attorney exempted by this
14subsection need not be dated.

15(e.2) Limitation on applicability in health care and mental 
16health care powers of attorney.--Subsections (b)(3)(i), (c) and
17(d) and section 5601.3 [(relating to agent's duties)] do not
18apply to a power of attorney which exclusively provides for
19health care decision making or mental health care decision 
20making.

21* * *

22Section 4. Section 5602(a) of Title 20 is amended by adding
23paragraphs to read:

24§ 5602. Form of power of attorney.

25(a) Specification of powers.--A principal may, by inclusion
26of the language quoted in any of the following paragraphs or by
27inclusion of other language showing a similar intent on the part
28of the principal, empower an agent to do any or all of the
29following, each of which is defined in section 5603 (relating to
30implementation of power of attorney):

1* * *

2(24) "To operate a business or entity."

3(25) "To provide for personal and family maintenance."

4* * *

5Section 5. Section 5603(d) and (r) of Title 20 are amended
6and the section is amended by adding subsections to read:

7§ 5603. Implementation of power of attorney.

8* * *

9(d) Power to claim an elective share.--A power "to claim an 
10elective share of the estate of my deceased spouse" shall mean 
11that the agent may elect to take against the will and 
12conveyances of the principal's deceased spouse, disclaim any 
13interest in property which the principal is required to disclaim 
14as a result of such election, retain any property which the
15principal has the right to elect to retain, file petitions
16pertaining to the election, including petitions to extend the
17time for electing and petitions for orders, decrees and
18judgments in accordance with section 2211(c) and (d) (relating
19to determination of effect of election; enforcement), and take
20all other actions which the agent deems appropriate in order to
21effectuate the election: Provided, however, That the election
22shall be made only upon the approval of the court having
23jurisdiction of the principal's estate in accordance with
24section 2206 (relating to right of election personal to
25surviving spouse) in the case of a principal who [has been
26adjudicated] is an incapacitated person, or upon the approval of 
27the court having jurisdiction of the deceased spouse's estate in 
28the case of a principal who [has not been adjudicated] is not
29an incapacitated person.

30* * *

1(r) Power to handle interests in estates and trusts.--A 
2power to "handle interests in estates and trusts" shall mean 
3that the agent may receive a bequest, devise, gift or other 
4transfer of real or personal property to the principal in the 
5principal's own right or as a fiduciary for another and give 
6full receipt and acquittance therefor or a refunding bond 
7therefor; approve accounts of any estate, trust, partnership or 
8other transaction in which the principal may have an interest; 
9[and] enter into any compromise and release in regard thereto; 
10and receive on behalf of the principal all notices and reports 
11required by section 7780.3 (relating to duty to inform and 
12report) or permitted by section 7785(a) (relating to limitation 
13of action against trustee).

14* * *

15(u.2) Power to operate a business or entity.--A power "to
16operate a business or entity" shall mean that the agent may:

17(1) Continue or participate in the operation of any
18business or other entity in which the principal holds an
19interest, whether alone or with others, by making and
20implementing decisions regarding its financing, operations,
21employees and all other matters pertinent to the business or
22entity.

23(2) Change the form of ownership of the business or
24entity to a corporation, partnership, limited liability
25company or other entity, and initiate or take part in a
26corporate reorganization, including a merger, consolidation,
27dissolution or other change in organizational form.

28(3) Compensate an agent actively managing, supervising
29or engaging in the operation of a business or entity, as
30appropriate, from the principal's assets or from the business

1or entity, provided that the compensation is reasonably based
2upon the actual responsibilities assumed and performed.

3(4) In general, exercise all powers with respect to
4operating a business or entity that the principal could if
5present.

6(u.3) Power to provide for personal and family
7maintenance.--

8(1) A power "to provide for personal and family
9maintenance" shall mean that the agent may provide for the
10health, education, maintenance and support, in order to
11maintain the customary standard of living of the principal's
12spouse and the following individuals, whether living when the
13power of attorney is executed or later born:

14(i) The principal's minor children.

15(ii) Other individuals legally entitled to be
16supported by the principal.

17(iii) The individuals whom the principal has
18customarily supported and intends to support.

19(2) In acting under this subsection, the agent shall:

20(i) Take into account the long-term needs of the
21principal.

22(ii) Consider any independent means available to
23those individuals apart from the support provided by the
24principal.

25(3) Authority with respect to personal and family
26maintenance is in addition to and not limited by authority
27that an agent may or may not have with respect to gifts under
28this chapter.

29Section 6. Section 5604(c)(1) of Title 20 is amended and
30subsection (c) is amended by adding a paragraph to read:

1§ 5604. Durable powers of attorney.

2* * *

3(c) Relation of agent to court-appointed guardian.--

4(1) If, following execution of a durable power of
5attorney, the principal [is adjudicated] becomes an
6incapacitated person and a guardian is appointed for his
7estate, the agent is accountable to the guardian as well as
8to the principal. [The guardian shall have the same power to
9revoke or amend the power of attorney that the principal
10would have had if he were not an incapacitated person.]

11* * *

12(3) In its guardianship order and determination of a
13person's incapacity, the court shall determine whether and
14the extent to which the incapacitated person's durable power
15of attorney remains in effect.

16* * *

17Section 7. Section 5610 of Title 20 is amended to read:

18§ 5610. Account.

19An agent shall file an account of his administration whenever 
20directed to do so by the court and may file an account at any 
21other time. All accounts shall be filed in the office of the 
22clerk in the county where the principal resides. The court may 
23assess the costs of the accounting proceeding as it deems 
24appropriate, including the costs of preparing and filing the 
25account.

26Section 8. Title 20 is amended by adding a section to read:

27§ <-5612 5613. Jurisdiction and venue.

28(a) County having venue.--Venue of any matter pertaining to
29the exercise of a power by an agent acting under a power of
30attorney as provided in this chapter shall be in the county in

1which the principal is domiciled, a resident or residing in a
2long-term care facility.

3(b) Declining jurisdiction.--

4(1) A court having jurisdiction may decline to exercise
5jurisdiction if at any time it determines that a court of
6another county or state is a more appropriate forum.

7(2) If a court of this Commonwealth declines to exercise
8jurisdiction, it shall either dismiss the proceeding or stay
9the proceeding upon condition that a proceeding be promptly
10commenced in another county or state. A court may impose any
11other condition that it deems appropriate.

12Section 9. Section 6103 of Title 20 is repealed:

13[§ 6103. Release or disclaimer of powers or interests.

14(a) Powers and interests releasable.--Any power of
15appointment, or power of consumption, whether general or
16special, other than a power in trust which is imperative, and
17any interest in, to, or over real or personal property held or
18owned outright, or in trust, or in any other manner which is
19reserved or given to any person by deed, will or otherwise, and
20irrespective of any limitation of such power or interest by
21virtue of any restriction in the nature of a so-called
22spendthrift trust provision, or similar provision, may be
23released or disclaimed, either with or without consideration by
24written instrument signed by the person possessing the power or
25the interest and delivered as hereinafter provided, but nothing
26in this section shall authorize an income beneficiary of a
27spendthrift trust to release or disclaim his right to such
28income, unless as a result of the release or disclaimer the
29released or disclaimed income will pass to one or more of the
30beneficiary's descendants. This section shall not apply to an

1interest that may be disclaimed under Chapter 62 (relating to
2disclaimers).

3(b) Form of release or disclaimer.--A power or interest
4which is releasable or disclaimable may be released or
5disclaimed either absolutely or conditionally, and may also be
6released or disclaimed with respect to the whole or any part of
7the property subject to such power or interest, and may also be
8released or disclaimed in such manner as to reduce or limit the
9persons or objects or classes of persons or objects in whose
10favor such power or interest would otherwise be exercisable. No
11release or disclaimer of a power or of an interest shall be
12deemed to make imperative a power or interest which was not
13imperative prior to such release or disclaimer unless the
14instrument of release or disclaimer expressly so provides.

15(c) Delivery of release or disclaimer.--Such release or
16disclaimer may be delivered to any one of the following:

17(1) Any person specified for such purpose in the
18instrument creating the power or interest.

19(2) Any trustee of the property to which the power or
20interest relates.

21(3) The clerk of the court having jurisdiction of the
22trust for filing in said court.

23(4) The recorder of deeds for recording in the county in
24which the person possessing the power or interest resides, or
25in which the deed, will, or other instrument creating the
26power or interest is recorded or filed.

27(d) Grantee or lienholder.--A release or disclaimer shall be
28void as against a bona fide grantee of or holder of a lien on
29real estate in any county unless the release or disclaimer or a
30duplicate original or certified copy thereof is recorded in the

1county where the real estate lies before the recording or
2entering of the instrument or lien under which such grantee or
3lienholder claims.]

4Section 10. Title 20 is amended by adding a section to read:

5§ 6103.1. Release of powers and interests and disclaimer of
6powers.

7(a) Interests releasable.--

8(1) Subject to paragraph (2), an interest in property
9that has been accepted may be released.

10(2) An income interest in a spendthrift trust may be
11released only if the released income passes to one or more of
12the releasor's descendants.

13(b) Effect of release of interest.--A releasor of an
14interest in property shall be treated as having died at the time
15of the release for purposes of determining and accelerating the
16interests of other parties in the property.

17(c) Nonfiduciary powers disclaimable or releasable.--A power
18of appointment, power of withdrawal or other power held in a
19nonfiduciary capacity may be disclaimed prior to its acceptance
20or released after its acceptance.

21(d) Terms of disclaimer or release.--A release of a power or 
22interest or a disclaimer of a power under this section may:

23(1) Be absolute or conditional.

24(2) Be made with respect to the whole or any part of the
25property subject to the power or interest.

26(3) Reduce or limit the persons or objects or classes of
27persons or objects in whose favor the power or interest would
28otherwise be exercisable.

29(e) Procedural requirements.--A release and a disclaimer
30under this section shall be in writing and filed, delivered and

1recorded in a similar manner as a disclaimer under section 6204
2(relating to filing, delivery and recording).

3Section 11. Title 20 is amended by adding a chapter to
4read:

5CHAPTER 76

6POWERS OF APPOINTMENT

7Sec.

87601. Definitions.

97602. Exercise of powers of appointment.

107603. Contract to exercise power.

117604. Manner of appointment.

127605. Antilapse provision.

137606. Partially effective exercise.

14§ 7601. Definitions.

15The following words and phrases when used in this chapter
16shall have the meanings given to them in this section unless the
17context clearly indicates otherwise:

18"Broad power of appointment." A power of appointment that
19the donee may exercise in favor of any one or more of the
20following:

21(1) One or more persons selected by the donee.

22(2) The donee.

23(3) The donee's estate.

24(4) Every person other than the donee, the donee's
25creditors, the donee's estate or the creditors of the donee's
26estate.

27"Limited power of appointment." A power of appointment that
28is not a broad power of appointment. The term includes a power
29to appoint to the donee's creditors or the creditors of the
30donee's estate.

1§ 7602. Exercise of powers of appointment.

2(a) Broad power of appointment.--Subject to subsection (c),
3in the absence of a contrary intent appearing in the instrument
4creating a broad power of appointment or in the donee's
5instrument exercising the power, a broad power of appointment
6may be exercised only by the donee's instrument making:

7(1) specific reference to the power;

8(2) general reference to any or all powers of
9appointment held by the donee;

10(3) a testamentary or inter vivos gift specifically
11describing the appointive property;

12(4) an insufficiently funded testamentary pecuniary
13legacy, to the extent to satisfy the legacy;

14(5) a general testamentary gift; or

15(6) a testamentary residuary gift.

16(b) Limited power of appointment.--

17(1) Subject to paragraph (2) and subsection (c), in the
18absence of a contrary intent appearing in the instrument
19creating a limited power of appointment or in the donee's
20instrument exercising the power, a limited power of
21appointment may be exercised only by the donee's instrument
22making:

23(i) specific reference to the power;

24(ii) a testamentary or inter vivos gift specifically
25describing the appointive property;

26(iii) a general testamentary gift to all, and only
27to all, the objects of the power; or

28(iv) a testamentary residuary gift to all, and only
29to all, the objects of the power.

30(2) The objects of the power described in paragraph (1)


1(iii) and (iv) who have a common ancestor shall be only those
2descendants of the common ancestor determined on a per
3stirpes basis.

4(c) Necessity of donee's specific reference to power.--A
5power of appointment may be exercised only by specific reference
6to the power if the instrument creating the power so requires.

7(d) Exercise before testamentary power granted.--In the
8absence of a contrary intent appearing in the instrument
9creating a power of appointment exercisable at the donee's death
10or in the donee's instrument exercising the power, the donee's
11instrument may exercise a power of appointment existing at the
12donee's death even though the power was granted after the date
13of the donee's instrument.

14(e) Testamentary powers.--

15(1) Notwithstanding any contrary provision in an
16instrument creating a power of appointment, a testamentary
17power of appointment shall not be exercisable in favor of the
18donee or the donee's creditors.

19(2) A grant of a testamentary power to appoint to the
20donee's creditors shall be construed as a power to appoint to
21the creditors of the donee's estate.

22(3) An attempted exercise of a testamentary power of
23appointment in favor of the donee's creditors shall be
24construed as an exercise in favor of those creditors of the
25donee's estate who were also creditors of the donee at the
26time of the donee's death.

27(4) If the donee is an issue of the donor, a
28testamentary power of appointment to appoint to the donor's
29issue shall not be exercisable in favor of the donee or the
30donee's estate.

1§ 7603. Contract to exercise power.

2(a) Contract prohibited.--Unless the donor and donee are the
3same person, the donee of a power of appointment that is not
4presently exercisable may not contract to exercise the power.

5(b) Actions for recovery.--A prohibited contract under
6subsection (a), if made, may not be the basis of an action for
7specific performance or damages, but the promisee can obtain
8restitution from the donee of the value given for the promise,
9unless the donee has exercised the power pursuant to the
10contract.

11(c) No limitation on disclaimer or release.--This section
12does not limit the power of a donee to disclaim or release a
13power of appointment in whole or in part.

14§ 7604. Manner of appointment.

15(a) Outright or in trust.--Subject to section 7602(e)
16(relating to exercise of powers of appointment), unless
17expressly prohibited by the instrument creating a power of
18appointment, a donee may exercise a power by appointing in any
19manner, including, but not limited to:

20(1) Appointing outright to one or more objects of the
21power.

22(2) Appointing to one or more trustees to hold the
23appointive property in trust for the benefit of one or more
24objects of the power and specifying the terms and
25administrative provisions of the trust and the powers and
26duties of the trustees, even if the trustees themselves are
27not objects of the power.

28(3) Creating a broad or limited power of appointment
29exercisable by any one or more objects of the original power
30to whom the donee could have appointed outright, even if some

1of the objects of the new power are not among the objects of
2the original power, provided that if the original power is a
3limited power, other than a power to appoint to the donee's
4creditors or the creditors of the donee's estate:

5(i) All the objects of the original power are among
6the objects of the new power.

7(ii) All the takers in default of exercise of the
8new power are among the objects of the original power.

9(b) Exclusive and nonexclusive powers.--Unless the
10instrument creating a power of appointment expressly specifies a
11minimum share of, a minimum pecuniary amount of or a particular
12item of appointive property to be appointed to an object of the
13power, the donee may exclude any object of the power as the
14donee deems appropriate.

15§ 7605. Antilapse provision.

16(a) General rule.--

17(1) Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), in the absence of
18a contrary intent appearing in the instrument creating a
19power of appointment or, in the donee's instrument,
20exercising the power, an exercise of the power of appointment
21in favor of any of the following, whether designated by name
22or as one of a class, shall not fail if the appointee is not
23living at the time the appointment becomes effective:

24(i) A child or other issue of the donee.

25(ii) A brother or sister of the donee.

26(iii) A child of a brother or sister of the donee.

27(2) Paragraph (1) applies if:

28(i) One or more issues of the appointee are living
29at the time the appointment becomes effective.

30(ii) The issue under subparagraph (i), per stirpes,

1are objects of the power.

2(3) The property appointed to the deceased appointee
3shall pass per stirpes to the appointee's issue living at the
4time the appointment becomes effective, but the appointment
5to a brother or sister or child of a brother or sister of the
6donee shall fail to the extent the property would pass to the
7spouse or issue of the donee if the appointment were to
8lapse.

9(b) Lapsed share of residue.--In the absence of a contrary
10intent appearing in the donee's instrument exercising a power of
11appointment, if an appointment of an amount or share of the
12residue of the property subject to the power fails, the amount
13or share shall pass to the other appointees of the residue of
14the property subject to the power, if any, in proportion to
15their shares in the residue of the property subject to the
16power.

17§ 7606. Partially effective exercise.

18In the absence of a contrary intent appearing in the
19instrument creating a power of appointment or in the donee's
20instrument exercising the power, a partially ineffective
21exercise of a power of appointment shall not make ineffective
22any otherwise effective portion of the exercise, unless the
23appointment regarded as a whole constitutes such an integrated
24plan that the parts cannot be separated without defeating the
25plan.

26Section 12. Sections 7710.1(c), 7722 and 7740.7(b) of Title
2720 are amended to read:

28§ 7710.1. Nonjudicial settlement agreements - UTC 111.

29* * *

30(c) Exception.--A nonjudicial settlement agreement is valid

1only to the extent it [does not violate] is not inconsistent 
2with a material purpose of the trust and includes terms and
3conditions that could be properly approved by the court under
4this chapter or other applicable law.

5* * *

6§ 7722. Representation of parties in interest in general.

7(a) Judicial proceeding.--In a judicial proceeding involving
8a trust matter, an order or decree of the court that binds the
9representative [or representatives] is binding upon a person,
10class of persons or both represented in accordance with section
117723 (relating to representatives and persons represented) if:

12(1) the trustee notifies the [representatives]
13representative in writing whom [they represent, they do] he 
14represents and the representative does not decline the
15representation as provided in section 7725 (relating to
16notice of representation) [and they act in good faith.];

17(2) a petitioner, whether or not a trustee, avers the
18representation in a petition before the court, the
19representative is the petitioner or a respondent over whom
20the court has jurisdiction and, if a respondent, the
21representative does not decline the representation in a
22responsive pleading filed and served as required by law; or

23(3) the representative has signed a certification of 
24representation described in subsection (d) and has not 
25rescinded the certification on the court's records by the 
26time the court acts upon the petition.

27(b) Nonjudicial resolution.--In a nonjudicial resolution of
28a trust matter, notice to, the consent or approval of or the
29waiver or release by the representative [or representatives] is
30binding upon a person, class of persons or both represented in

1accordance with section 7723 if:

2(1) the trustee notifies the [representatives]
3representative in writing whom [they represent, they do] he 
4represents and the representative does not decline the
5representation as provided in section 7725 [and they act in
6good faith.]; or

7(2) the representative has signed a certification of
8representation described in subsection (d) and has not
9rescinded the certification in a writing received by the
10trustee by the time of the nonjudicial settlement.

11(c) Permissible consideration.--In making decisions, a
12representative may consider the general benefit accruing to the
13living members of the family of the person represented.

14(d) Certification of representation.--

15(1) A certification signed by the representative
16describing his representation of another person, class of
17persons or both in accordance with section 7723 may be filed
18with:

19(i) the court, in the case of a judicial proceeding;
20or

21(ii) the trustee, in the case of a nonjudicial
22resolution of a trust matter.

23(2) Subject to paragraph (3), a certification of
24representation may be rescinded in a writing signed by the
25representative and filed with:

26(i) the court at any time before the court acts in
27reliance upon the certification, in the case of a
28judicial proceeding; or

29(ii) the trustee before a trust matter is resolved
30without application to the court.

1(3) A representative's rescission of a certification of
2representation shall have no effect upon actions taken by a
3trustee in good faith reliance upon the certification.

4§ 7740.7. Division of trusts.

5* * *

6(b) With court approval.--The court, for cause shown, may
7authorize the division of a trust into [two] separate trusts
8upon such terms and conditions and with notice as the court
9shall direct.

10* * *

11Section 13. Section 7765(a), (b) and (c) of Title 20 are
12amended and the section is amended by adding a subsection to
13read:

14§ 7765. Resignation of trustee; filing resignation.

15[(a) Court approval.--A trustee may resign with court
16approval.

17(b) Without court approval if authorized by trust
18instrument.--A trustee may resign without court approval if
19authorized to resign by the trust instrument.

20(c) Without court approval and without authorization in
21trust instrument.--

22(1) Unless expressly provided to the contrary in the
23trust instrument, an individual trustee may resign without
24court approval and without authorization in the trust
25instrument if:

26(i) there is at least one cotrustee and all
27cotrustees consent in writing to the resignation; and

28(ii) all the qualified beneficiaries consent in
29writing to the resignation.

30(2) This subsection shall not authorize the sole trustee

1of a trust to resign unless the trust instrument names a
2successor trustee or provides a method for appointing a
3successor trustee, and in either case the resignation shall
4not be effective until the successor trustee accepts the
5appointment in writing.]

6(a.1) General rule.--A trustee may resign:

7(1) with court approval;

8(2) without court approval if authorized to resign by
9the trust instrument; or

10(3) pursuant to a nonjudicial settlement agreement
11described in section 7710.1 (relating to nonjudicial
12settlement agreements - UTC 111).

13* * *

14Section 14. Section 7780.3 of Title 20 is amended by adding 
15subsections to read:

16§ 7780.3. Duty to inform and report.

17* * *

18(k.1) Nomination by current beneficiary.--In a writing given
19to the trustee, a current beneficiary of a trust may nominate
20another person to receive, on behalf of the current beneficiary,
21the notices required by this section. By giving the notices
22required by this section to the nominee of the current
23beneficiary, the trustee satisfies the trustee's duty to give to
24the current beneficiary the notices required by this section if:

25(1) the trustee notifies the nominee that the notice is
26being given to the nominee as representative of the current
27beneficiary and that future notices required by this section
28will be given to the nominee in the same capacity; and

29(2) the nominee does not decline to receive the notices
30on behalf of the current beneficiary in a writing given to

1the trustee no later than 60 days after receipt of the notice
2described in paragraph (1).

3(k.2) Reliance on nomination.--The trustee may rely upon the
4current beneficiary's nomination of another person to receive
5the notices required by this section on behalf of the current
6beneficiary and the nominee's presumed acceptance of that
7representation under subsection (k.1)(2) until the trustee
8receives a written rescission of the nomination from the current
9beneficiary or a written declination to receive further notices
10from the nominee. No such rescission or declination shall render
11ineffective any notice given by the trustee to the nominee
12before the trustee received the rescission or declination.

13* * *

14Section 15. Section 7785(a) of Title 20 is amended by adding
15paragraphs to read:

16§ 7785. Limitation of action against trustee.

17(a) Imposed by trustee's written reports.--

18* * *

19(3) In a writing given to the trustee, a beneficiary of
20a trust may nominate another person to receive, on behalf of
21the beneficiary, the reports required by this section. By
22giving the reports required by this section to the nominee of
23the beneficiary, the trustee satisfies the trustee's duty to
24give the beneficiary the reports required by this section if:

25(i) the trustee notifies the nominee that the report
26and future reports required by this section are being
27given to the nominee as representative of the
28beneficiary; and

29(ii) the nominee does not decline to receive reports
30on behalf of the beneficiary in a writing given to the

1trustee no later than 60 days after receipt of the notice
2described in this subsection.

3(4) The trustee may rely upon the beneficiary's
4nomination of another person to receive the reports required
5by this section on behalf of the beneficiary and the
6nominee's presumed acceptance of that representation under
7this subsection until the trustee receives a written
8rescission of the nomination from the beneficiary or a
9written declination to receive further reports from the
10nominee. No such rescission or declination shall render
11ineffective any report given by the trustee to the nominee
12before the trustee received the rescission or declination.

13* * *

14Section 16. Section 7792 of Title 20 is amended to read:

15§ 7792. Powers, duties and liabilities identical with personal
16representatives.

17The provisions concerning the powers, duties and liabilities
18of a trustee shall be the same as those set forth in the
19following provisions of this title for the administration of a
20decedent's or a minor's estate:

21Section 3184 (relating to discharge of personal
22representative and surety).

23Section 3321(d) and (e) (relating to nominee registration;
24corporate fiduciary as agent; deposit of securities in a
25clearing corporation; book-entry securities).

26Section 3323 (relating to compromise of controversies).

27Section 3324 (relating to death or incapacity of fiduciary).

28Section 3332 (relating to inherent powers and duties).

29Section 3353 (relating to order of court).

30Section 3354 (relating to power given in governing

1instrument).

2Section 3355 (relating to restraint of sale).

3Section 3356 (relating to purchase by personal
4representative).

5Section 3358 (relating to collateral attack).

6Section 3359 (relating to record of proceedings; county where
7real estate lies).

8Section 3532(c) (relating to at risk of personal
9representative).

10Section 17. Title 20 is amended by adding a chapter to read:

11CHAPTER 79

12CHARITABLE INSTRUMENTS

13Sec.

147901. Short title of chapter.

157902. Definitions.

167903. Deemed provisions of governing instrument.

177904. Power to amend governing instrument.

187905. Court authority.

197906. Applicability.

20§ 7901. Short title of chapter.

21This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the
22Charitable Instruments Act.

23§ 7902. Definitions.

24The following words and phrases when used in this chapter
25shall have the meanings given to them in this section unless the
26context clearly indicates otherwise:

27"Charitable organization." A corporation, trust or other
28instrumentality governed by Pennsylvania law, including:

29(1) A trust described in section 4947(a)(1) or (2) of
30the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (Public Law 99-514, 26

1U.S.C. § 4947(a)(1) or (2)), which is or is treated as a
2private foundation under section 509 of the Internal Revenue
3Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. § 509).

4(2) A trust governed by Pennsylvania law that is or is
5treated as a pooled income fund under section 642(c)(5) of
6the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. § 642(c)(5)).

7§ 7903. Deemed provisions of governing instrument.

8(a) Effect of deemed provisions.--The governing instrument
9of a charitable organization is deemed to include provisions,
10the effects of which are to:

11(1) Require distributions for each taxable year in such
12amounts and at such times and in such manner as not to
13subject the organization to tax under section 4942 of the
14Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (Public Law 99-514, 26 U.S.C. §
154942).

16(2) Prohibit the organization from:

17(i) Engaging in an act of self-dealing, as defined
18in section 4941(d) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986
19(26 U.S.C. § 4941(d)).

20(ii) Retaining excess business holdings, as defined
21in section 4943(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986
22(26 U.S.C. § 4943(c)).

23(iii) Making an investment in such manner as to
24subject the organization to tax under section 4944 of the
25Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. § 4944).

26(iv) Making a taxable expenditure, as defined in
27section 4945(d) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26
28U.S.C. § 4945(d)).

29(b) Effect of contrary provision.--The deemed provisions
30under subsection (a) supersede any contrary provision of the

1governing instrument.

2(c) Applicability.--This section applies only to the extent
3that the charitable organization is subject to one or more of
4the sections of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 set forth in
5subsection (a).

6§ 7904. Power to amend governing instrument.

7The trustees or directors of every charitable organization
8have the power, acting alone, without the approval of a member,
9court, donor or beneficiary, to amend the instrument governing
10the charitable organization in any manner required for the sole
11purpose of ensuring that:

12(1) Gifts and bequests to the charitable organization
13qualify for charitable deductions available for Federal
14income, gift and estate tax purposes.

15(2) The charitable organization qualifies for tax
16exemptions available for Federal income tax purposes.

17§ 7905. Court authority.

18Nothing in this chapter precludes a court of competent
19jurisdiction from authorizing a deviation from the express terms
20of an instrument governing a charitable organization.

21§ 7906. Applicability.

22This chapter shall apply to:

23(1) A charitable organization created after December 31,
241969.

25(2) A charitable organization created before January 1,
261970, unless a court of competent jurisdiction in a
27proceeding instituted before January 1, 1972, explicitly
28decided that the operation of this chapter would
29substantially impair the accomplishment of the purposes of
30the charitable organization involved in that proceeding.

1Section 18. Section 8113(f) of Title 20 is amended to read:

2§ 8113. Charitable trusts.

3* * *

4(f) Charitable organizations.--For a charitable organization
5defined under [the act of June 17, 1971 (P.L.181, No.23), known
6as the Charitable Instruments Act of 1971,] Chapter 79 (relating 
7to charitable instruments) the provisions of [that act] Chapter
879 shall supersede subsection (c) if necessary to comply with
9the minimum investment return requirements.

10Section 19. This act shall apply as follows:

11(1)  Except as set forth in <-paragraph (2) paragraphs (2) 
12and (3), this act shall apply to all powers of attorney
13executed on or after the effective date of this <-section 
<-14paragraph.

15(2) (i) Nothing in this act shall be construed to limit
16the effectiveness of powers of attorney in effect prior
17to the effective date of this <-section paragraph.

18(ii)  The amendment of 20 Pa.C.S. <-§ 5603(r) §§ 
195601(e.1) and 5603(r) shall apply to all powers of
20attorney executed before, on or after the effective date
21of this <-section paragraph.

22(3) The addition of 20 Pa.C.S. Ch. 76 shall apply to all
23powers of appointment created before, on or after the
24effective date of that chapter.

25(4) The addition of 20 Pa.C.S. Ch. 79 is a continuation
26of the act of June 17, 1971 (P.L.181, No.23), known as the
27Charitable Instruments Act of 1971. The following apply:

28(i) All activities initiated under the Charitable
29Instruments Act of 1971 shall continue and remain in full
30force and effect and may be completed under 20 Pa.C.S.

1Ch. 79. Resolutions, orders, regulations, rules and
2decisions which were made under the Charitable
3Instruments Act of 1971 and which are in effect on the
4effective date of this <-section paragraph shall remain in
5full force and effect until revoked, vacated or modified
6under 20 Pa.C.S. Ch. 79. Contracts, obligations and
7agreements entered into under the Charitable Instruments
8Act of 1971 are not affected nor impaired by the repeal
9of the Charitable Instruments Act of 1971.

10(ii) Any difference in language between 20 Pa.C.S.
11Ch. 79 and the Charitable Instruments Act of 1971 is
12intended only to conform to the style of the Pennsylvania
13Consolidated Statutes and is not intended to change or
14affect the legislative intent, judicial construction or
15administrative interpretation and implementation of the
16Charitable Instruments Act of 1971.

17Section 20. Repeals are as follows:

18(1) The General Assembly declares that the repeal under
19paragraph (2) is necessary to effectuate the addition of 20
20Pa.C.S. Ch. 79.

21(2) The act of June 17, 1971 (P.L.181, No.23), known as
22the Charitable Instruments Act of 1971, is repealed.

23Section 21. This act shall take effect as follows:

24(1) The following provisions shall take effect January 
251, 2015:

26(i) The amendment of 20 Pa.C.S. § 3314.

27(ii) The amendment of 20 Pa.C.S. § 3315.

28(iii) The amendment of 20 Pa.C.S. § 3546.

29(iv) The amendment of 20 Pa.C.S. § 5456(a).

30(v) The amendment of 20 Pa.C.S. § 5460(a).

<-1(vi) The amendment of 20 Pa.C.S. § 5601(b)(3), (e.1)
2and (e.2).

<-3(vi) (vii) The addition of 20 Pa.C.S. § 5602(a)(24)
4and (25).

<-5(vii) (viii) The amendment or addition of 20 Pa.C.S.
6§ 5603(d), (r), (u.2) and (u.3).

<-7(viii) (ix) The amendment or addition of 20 Pa.C.S.
8§ 5604(c)(1) and (3).

<-9(ix) (x) The amendment of 20 Pa.C.S. § 5610.

10(x) (xi) The addition of 20 Pa.C.S. § <-5612 5613.

<-11(xi) (xii) The repeal of 20 Pa.C.S. § 6103.

<-12(xii) (xiii) The addition of 20 Pa.C.S. § 6103.1.

<-13(xiii) (xiv) The amendment of 20 Pa.C.S. §
147710.1(c).

<-15(xiv) (xv) The amendment of 20 Pa.C.S. § 7722.

<-16(xv) (xvi) The amendment of 20 Pa.C.S. § 7740.7(b).

<-17(xvi) (xvii) The amendment or addition of 20 Pa.C.S.
18§ 7765(a), (a.1), (b) and (c).

<-19(xvii) (xviii) The addition of 20 Pa.C.S. §
207780.3(k.1) and (k.2).

<-21(xviii) (xix) The addition of 20 Pa.C.S. § 7785(a)
22(3) and (4).

<-23(xix) (xx) The amendment of 20 Pa.C.S. § 7792.

<-24(xx) (xxi) Section 19(1) and (2).

25(2) The remainder of this act shall take effect
26immediately.