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| THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF PENNSYLVANIA |
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| HOUSE RESOLUTION |
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| INTRODUCED BY WATERS, BROWN, JOHNSON, PARKER, PRESTON, BISHOP, CALTAGIRONE, COHEN, D. COSTA, CREIGHTON, CUTLER, FABRIZIO, GERBER, HARKINS, MELIO, SABATINA, SIPTROTH, J. TAYLOR, VITALI, WHEATLEY AND YOUNGBLOOD, MARCH 23, 2010 |
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| REFERRED TO COMMITTEE ON JUDICIARY, MARCH 23, 2010 |
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| A CONCURRENT RESOLUTION |
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1 | Directing the Joint State Government Commission to establish a |
2 | bipartisan legislative task force and an advisory committee |
3 | to conduct a study of capital punishment in Pennsylvania and |
4 | to report its findings and recommendations to the General |
5 | Assembly. |
6 | WHEREAS, Since 1978, 352 people have been sentenced to death |
7 | in Pennsylvania, but only three people have been executed; and |
8 | WHEREAS, Each of the three people executed waived the right |
9 | to appeal; and |
10 | WHEREAS, As of February 1, 2010, there were 220 existing |
11 | capital sentences; and |
12 | WHEREAS, Family members of a murder victim struggle to cope |
13 | with the loss of their loved one and need services from the |
14 | Commonwealth in order to manage that loss; and |
15 | WHEREAS, The financial costs of attempting to implement the |
16 | death penalty during a national economic crisis may place a |
17 | burden on the Commonwealth that is not proportionate to what the |
18 | citizens of Pennsylvania are receiving in return; and |
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1 | WHEREAS, The American Bar Association has identified several |
2 | areas in which Pennsylvania's death penalty system falters in |
3 | guaranteeing each capital defendant fairness and accuracy in all |
4 | proceedings; and |
5 | WHEREAS, The Pennsylvania Supreme Court Committee on Racial |
6 | and Gender Bias in the Justice System has determined that racial |
7 | biases exist, and that those biases significantly affect the way |
8 | parties, witnesses, litigants, lawyers, court employees and |
9 | potential jurors are treated; and |
10 | WHEREAS, The public is increasingly concerned about |
11 | individuals who are wrongly convicted of murder across the |
12 | nation and in this Commonwealth; and |
13 | WHEREAS, Postconviction DNA testing has shown that there are |
14 | wrongful convictions in Pennsylvania, even in capital cases; |
15 | therefore be it |
16 | RESOLVED (the Senate concurring), That the General Assembly |
17 | direct the Joint State Government Commission to establish a |
18 | bipartisan legislative task force of four members of the Senate |
19 | and four members of the House of Representatives to conduct a |
20 | study of capital punishment in Pennsylvania; and be it further |
21 | RESOLVED, That the President pro tempore of the Senate and |
22 | the Speaker of the House of Representatives each appoint two |
23 | members of the task force and the Minority Leader of the Senate |
24 | and the Minority Leader of the House of Representatives each |
25 | appoint two members; and be it further |
26 | RESOLVED, That the Joint State Government Commission oversee |
27 | the creation of an advisory committee to assist the task force |
28 | in its study and recommendations; and be it further |
29 | RESOLVED, That the advisory committee shall consist of the |
30 | following members who shall be likely to make useful and |
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1 | insightful contributions, including: |
2 | (1) Two members of the religious, academic or ethical |
3 | communities. |
4 | (2) One member or former member of the judiciary, |
5 | appointed by the Chief Justice of the Pennsylvania Supreme |
6 | Court. |
7 | (3) The Attorney General or his designee. |
8 | (4) One prosecutor, appointed by The Pennsylvania |
9 | District Attorneys Association. |
10 | (5) One criminal defense attorney who has handled death |
11 | penalty cases, to be appointed by the Pennsylvania |
12 | Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers. |
13 | (6) One member of the Pennsylvania Bar Association, |
14 | appointed by the President of the Pennsylvania Bar |
15 | Association. |
16 | (7) The Secretary of Corrections or his designee. |
17 | (8) Two family members of murder victims, one of whom is |
18 | appointed by the Office of Victim Advocate and one of whom is |
19 | appointed by Murder Victims' Families for Reconciliation. |
20 | (9) The president of the Pennsylvania Innocence Project |
21 | or his designee. |
22 | (10) One criminologist, to be appointed by the President |
23 | of The Pennsylvania State University. |
24 | (11) One member appointed by a civil rights |
25 | organization. |
26 | (12) One member appointed by each member of the |
27 | legislative task force, for a total of eight legislative |
28 | appointees; |
29 | and be it further |
30 | RESOLVED, That the task force, with the assistance of the |
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1 | advisory committee, shall: |
2 | (1) Review other recent studies of the death penalty |
3 | from around the country. |
4 | (2) Review other recent studies pertaining to the death |
5 | penalty system or its subsystems in Pennsylvania. |
6 | (3) Undertake a comprehensive analysis of the State's |
7 | death penalty system to determine what policy |
8 | recommendations, if any, would guarantee that, in its |
9 | application and administration, capital punishment in this |
10 | Commonwealth is free from bias and error; |
11 | and be it further |
12 | RESOLVED, That the task force, with the assistance of the |
13 | advisory committee, shall review every stage of the capital |
14 | process, including pretrial procedures, jury selection, defense, |
15 | prosecution, trial procedures, postconviction appeals and |
16 | clemency procedures, and shall make findings and public policy |
17 | recommendations in each of the following areas, including, but |
18 | not limited to: |
19 | (1) The risk of innocent people being sentenced to death |
20 | or executed. Where a wrongful conviction occurred in a |
21 | capital case or case that resulted in a long or a life |
22 | sentence in this Commonwealth, the task force shall also look |
23 | at the factors and characteristics of these cases and |
24 | determine additional areas of study or policy change |
25 | necessary. |
26 | (2) Whether the selection of defendants for capital |
27 | trials is arbitrary, unfair or discriminatory in any way, |
28 | looking specifically at race, geography and socioeconomic |
29 | background and any other relevant characteristics of both the |
30 | defendants and victims. |
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1 | (3) Whether there is unfair, arbitrary or discriminatory |
2 | variability in the sentencing phase or at any stage of the |
3 | process. In determining the presence of unfair bias, the task |
4 | force shall review not only death penalty cases, but also |
5 | death-eligible cases where the death penalty was not sought. |
6 | (4) Whether there is a significant difference in the |
7 | crimes selected for the death penalty as opposed to life in |
8 | prison. |
9 | (5) The services that exist in this Commonwealth for |
10 | family members and loved ones of murder victims, whether |
11 | these services are sufficient, whether additional services |
12 | are provided in other states, whether additional services |
13 | should be provided in this Commonwealth and whether victims' |
14 | rights and services are provided on an equal basis to all |
15 | surviving family members regardless of their support for, |
16 | opposition to or neutrality on the death penalty. |
17 | (6) The cost of the death penalty system, taking into |
18 | account all expenses from indictment to execution, as |
19 | compared to the cost of life in prison. In considering the |
20 | overall cost of the death penalty, the cost of capital trials |
21 | that result in life sentences, as well as the death sentences |
22 | that are reversed on appeal, shall be factored into the |
23 | equation. |
24 | (7) Changes to the death penalty, if any, that would |
25 | ensure a system that is fairly administered and consistently |
26 | applied, free from impermissible racial, ethnic or geographic |
27 | bias and that would prevent the innocent from being sentenced |
28 | to death and execution. |
29 | (8) Whether the law provides adequate protections for |
30 | specific vulnerable populations such as persons with mental |
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1 | retardation in accordance with the United States Supreme |
2 | Court ruling in Atkins v. Virginia, 536 U.S. 304, 122 S.Ct. |
3 | 2242, and persons with mental illness. |
4 | (9) Whether the death penalty rationally serves a |
5 | legitimate penological interest, such as deterrence; |
6 | and be it further |
7 | RESOLVED, That the task force may propose new legislation, if |
8 | necessary and appropriate; and be it further |
9 | RESOLVED, That the task force shall be convened by the |
10 | legislative member with the most years of continuous service in |
11 | the General Assembly and, at its organizational meeting, shall |
12 | elect from among its legislative membership, a chair, vice- |
13 | chairperson, vice chairperson and such other officers the task |
14 | force may deem necessary; and be it further |
15 | RESOLVED, That the advisory committee shall choose a |
16 | chairperson from among its members; and be it further |
17 | RESOLVED, That members of the task force and advisory |
18 | committee shall serve without compensation but may be reimbursed |
19 | for necessary expenses incurred in the performance of their |
20 | duties, within the limits of funds appropriated or otherwise |
21 | made available to the task force and advisory committee for |
22 | their purposes. All members of the task force or advisory |
23 | committee who are duly elected members of the General Assembly |
24 | shall remain members of the task force or advisory committee |
25 | until they report their findings and recommendations to the |
26 | General Assembly; and be it further |
27 | RESOLVED, That the task force and advisory committee shall |
28 | hold public hearings and may meet in closed executive session to |
29 | make their final deliberations; and be it further |
30 | RESOLVED, That all State, county and municipal agencies, |
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1 | departments, boards, bureaus and commissions shall cooperate |
2 | fully with the task force and advisory committee; and be it |
3 | further |
4 | RESOLVED, That the task force and advisory committee shall |
5 | report their findings and recommendations to the General |
6 | Assembly no later than two years after the date this resolution |
7 | is adopted in both houses. |
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