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PRIOR PRINTER'S NOS. 453, 948, 1809
PRINTER'S NO. 1837
THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF PENNSYLVANIA
SENATE BILL
No.
225
Session of
2021
INTRODUCED BY PHILLIPS-HILL, MARTIN, J. WARD, MENSCH, COLLETT,
MUTH, KANE, STEFANO, AUMENT, CAPPELLETTI, BAKER, BROOKS,
BOSCOLA, HUTCHINSON, SABATINA, TOMLINSON, LAUGHLIN,
MASTRIANO, SANTARSIERO, KEARNEY, SCHWANK, DUSH, COMITTA,
FLYNN, L. WILLIAMS AND DILLON, MARCH 18, 2021
AS AMENDED ON THIRD CONSIDERATION, JUNE 29, 2022
AN ACT
Amending the act of May 17, 1921 (P.L.682, No.284), entitled "An
act relating to insurance; amending, revising, and
consolidating the law providing for the incorporation of
insurance companies, and the regulation, supervision, and
protection of home and foreign insurance companies, Lloyds
associations, reciprocal and inter-insurance exchanges, and
fire insurance rating bureaus, and the regulation and
supervision of insurance carried by such companies,
associations, and exchanges, including insurance carried by
the State Workmen's Insurance Fund; providing penalties; and
repealing existing laws," in quality health care
accountability and protection, further providing for
definitions, for responsibilities of managed care plans, for
financial incentives prohibition, for medical gag clause
prohibition, for emergency services, for continuity of care,
providing for medication assisted treatment, further
providing for procedures, for confidentiality, for required
disclosure, providing for medical policy and clinical review
criteria adopted by insurer, MCO or contractor, further
providing for internal complaint process, for appeal of
complaint, for complaint resolution, for certification, for
operational standards, providing for step therapy
considerations, for prior authorization review and for
provider portal, further providing for internal grievances
process, for records, for external grievance process, for
prompt payment of claims, for health care provider and
managed care plan, for departmental powers and duties, for
penalties and sanctions, for compliance with National
Accrediting Standards; and making editorial changes.
The General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
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hereby enacts as follows:
Section 1. The definitions of "complaint," "drug formulary,"
"enrollee," "grievance," "health care service," "prospective
utilization review," "provider network," "retrospective
utilization review," "utilization review" and "utilization
review entity" in section 2102 of the act of May 17, 1921
(P.L.682, No.284), known as The Insurance Company Law of 1921,
are amended and the section is amended by adding definitions to
read:
Section 2102. Definitions.--As used in this article, the
following words and phrases shall have the meanings given to
them in this section:
* * *
"Administrative policy." A written document or collection of
documents reflecting the terms of the contractual or operating
relationship between an insurer, MCO, contractor and a health
care provider.
"Administrative denial." A denial of prior authorization,
coverage or payment based on a lack of eligibility, failure to
submit complete information or other failure to comply with
written administrative standards for the administration of
benefits under a health insurance policy, MCO contract or CHIP
contract. The term does not include a denial based on medical
necessity.
"Adverse benefit determination." A determination by an
insurer, MCO, contractor or a utilization review entity
designated by the insurer, MCO or contractor that a health care
service has been reviewed and, based upon the information
provided, does not meet the insurer's, MCO's or contractor's
requirements for medical necessity, appropriateness, health care
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setting, level of care or effectiveness and the requested
service or payment for the service is therefore denied, reduced
or terminated.
* * *
"Applicable governmental guidelines." Clinical practice and
associated guidelines issued under the authority of the United
States Department of Health and Human Services, United States
Food and Drug Administration, Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, Department of Health or other similarly situated
Federal or State agency, department or subunit thereof focused
on the provision or regulation of medical care, prescription
drugs or public health within the United States.
"Children's Health Insurance Program" or "CHIP." The
children's health care program under Article XXIII-A.
"CHIP contract." The agreement between an insurer and the
Department of Human Services to provide for services to a CHIP
enrollee.
* * *
"Clinical review criteria." The set of written screening
procedures, decision abstracts, clinical protocols and practice
guidelines used by an insurer, MCO or contractor to determine
the necessity and appropriateness of health care services.
"Closely related service." One or more health care services
subject to prior authorization that are closely related in
purpose, diagnostic utility or designated health care billing
code and provided on the same date of service such that a
prudent health care provider, acting within the scope of the
health care provider's license and expertise, might reasonably
be expected to perform such service in conjunction with or in
lieu of the originally authorized service in response to minor
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differences in observed patient characteristics or needs for
diagnostic information that were not readily identifiable until
the health care provider was actually performing the originally
authorized service. The term does not include an order for or
administration of a prescription drug or any part of a series or
course of treatments.
"Complaint." A dispute or objection regarding a
participating health care provider or the coverage, operations
or management policies of [a managed care plan] an insurer, MCO
or contractor, which has not been resolved by the [managed care
plan] insurer, MCO or contractor and has been filed with the
[plan] insurer, MCO or contractor or with the Department of
Health or the Insurance Department of the Commonwealth. The term
does not include a grievance.
"Complete prior authorization request." A request for prior
authorization that meets an insurer's, MCO's or contractor's
administrative policy requirements for such a request and that
includes the specific clinical information necessary only to
evaluate the request under the terms of the applicable medical
policy. To the extent a health care provider network agreement
requires medical records to be transmitted electronically, or a
health care provider is capable of transmitting medical records
electronically to support a complete prior authorization request
for a health care service, the health care provider shall ensure
the insurer , MCO OR CONTRACTOR has electronic access to,
including the ability to print, the medical records that have
been transmitted electronically, subject to any applicable law
and the health care provider's corporate policies. The inability
of a health care provider to provide such access shall not
constitute a reason to deny an authorization request.
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* * *
"Contractor." An insurer awarded a contract under section
2304-A to provide health care services. The term includes an
entity and an entity's subsidiary which is established under
this act, the act of December 29, 1972 (P.L.1701, No.364), known
as the Health Maintenance Organization Act or 40 Pa.C.S. Ch. 61
(relating to hospital plan corporation) or 63 (relating to
professional health services plan corporations).
* * *
"Drug formulary." A listing of [managed care plan] insurer,
MCO or contractor preferred therapeutic drugs.
* * *
"Enrollee." Any policyholder, subscriber, covered person or
other individual who is entitled to receive health care services
under a [managed care plan] health insurance policy, MCO
contract or CHIP contract.
"Grievance." As provided in subdivision (i), a request by an
enrollee or a health care provider, with the written consent of
the enrollee, to have [a managed care plan] an insurer, MCO,
contractor or utilization review entity reconsider a decision
solely concerning the medical necessity [and], appropriateness,
health care setting, level of care or effectiveness of a health
care service. If the [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or
contractor is unable to resolve the matter, a grievance may be
filed regarding the decision that:
(1) disapproves full or partial payment for a requested
health care service;
(2) approves the provision of a requested health care
service for a lesser scope or duration than requested; or
(3) disapproves payment for the provision of a requested
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health care service but approves payment for the provision of an
alternative health care service.
The term does not include a complaint.
* * *
"Health care service." Any covered treatment, admission,
procedure, medical supplies and equipment or other services,
including behavioral health, prescribed or otherwise provided or
proposed to be provided by a health care provider to an enrollee
[under a managed care plan contract.]
"Health insurance policy." A policy, subscriber contract,
certificate or plan issued by an insurer that provides medical
or health care coverage. The term does not include any of the
following:
(1) An accident only policy.
(2) A credit only policy.
(3) A long-term care or disability income policy.
(4) A specified disease policy.
(5) A Medicare supplement policy.
(6) A TRICARE policy, including a Civilian Health and
Medical Program of the Uniformed Services (CHAMPUS) supplement
policy.
(7) A fixed indemnity policy.
(8) A hospital indemnity policy.
(9) A dental only policy.
(10) A vision only policy.
(11) A workers' compensation policy.
(12) An automobile medical payment policy.
(13) A homeowners' insurance policy.
(14) A short-term limited duration policy.
(15) Any other similar policy providing for limited
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benefits.
"Inpatient admission." Admission to a facility for purposes
of receiving a health care service at the inpatient level of
care.
"Insurer." An entity licensed by the department to issue a
health insurance policy, subscriber contract, certificate or
plan that provides medical or health care coverage that is
offered or governed under any of the following:
(1) Article XXIV, section 630 or any other provision of this
act.
(2) A provision of 40 Pa.C.S. Ch. 61 or 63.
* * *
"MCO contract." The agreement between a medical assistance
managed care organization or MCO and the Department of Human
Services to provide for services to a Medicaid enrollee.
"Medical assistance managed care organization" or "MCO." A
Medicaid managed care organization as defined in section 1903(m)
(1)(A) of the Social Security Act (49 Stat. 620, 42 U.S.C. §
1396b(m)(1)(A)) that is a party to a Medicaid managed care
contract with the Department of Human Services. The term does
not include a behavioral health managed care organization that
is a party to a Medicaid managed care contract with the
Department of Human Services.
"Medical policy." A written document formally adopted,
maintained and applied by an insurer, MCO or contractor that
combines the clinical coverage criteria and any additional
administrative requirements, as applicable, necessary to
articulate the insurer's, MCO's or contractor's standards for
coverage of a given service or set of services under the terms
of a health insurance policy, MCO contract or CHIP contract.
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"Medical or scientific evidence." Evidence found in any of
the following sources:
(1) A peer-reviewed scientific study published in or
accepted for publication by a medical journal that meets
nationally recognized requirements for scientific manuscripts
and which journal submits most of its published articles for
review by experts who are not part of the journal's editorial
staff.
(2) Peer-reviewed medical literature, including literature
relating to a therapy reviewed and approved by a qualified
institutional review board, biomedical compendia and other
medical literature that meet the criteria of the National
Institutes of Health's Library of Medicine for indexing in Index
Medicus (Medline) and Elsevier Science Limited for indexing in
Excerpta Medica (EMBASE).
(3) A medical journal recognized by the Secretary of Health
and Human Services under section 1861(t)(2) of the Social
Security Act (49 Stat. 620, 42 U.S.C. § 1395x(t)(2)).
(4) One of the following standard reference compendia:
(i) The American Hospital Formulary Service-Drug
Information.
(ii) Drug Facts and Comparison.
(iii) The American Dental Association Accepted Dental
Therapeutics.
(iv) The United States Pharmacopoeia-Drug Information.
(5) Findings, studies or research conducted by or under the
auspices of a Federal Government agency or nationally recognized
Federal research institute, including:
(i) The Federal Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
(ii) The National Institute of Health.
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(iii) The National Cancer Institute.
(iv) The National Academy of Sciences.
(v) The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.
(vi) The Food and Drug Administration.
(vii) Any national board recognized by the National
Institutes of Health for the purpose of evaluating the medical
value of health care services.
(6) Other medical or scientific evidence that is comparable
to the sources specified in paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (4) and
(5).
"Medication assisted treatment." United States Food and Drug
Administration approved prescription drugs used in combination
with counseling and behavioral health therapies in the treatment
of opioid use disorders.
"Nationally recognized medical standards." Clinical
criteria, practice guidelines and related standards established
by national quality and accreditation entities generally
recognized in the United States health care industry.
"Participating provider." A health care provider that has
entered into a contractual or operating relationship with an
insurer, MCO or contractor to participate in one or more
designated networks of the insurer, MCO or contractor and to
provide health care services to enrollees under the terms of the
insurer's, MCO's or contractor's administrative policy.
* * *
"Prior authorization." A review by an insurer, MCO,
contractor or by a utilization review entity acting on behalf of
an insurer, MCO or contractor of all reasonably necessary
supporting information that occurs prior to the delivery or
provision of a health care service and results in a decision to
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approve or deny payment for the health care service. The term
includes step therapy and associated exceptions for prescription
drugs.
["Prospective utilization review." A review by a utilization
review entity of all reasonably necessary supporting information
that occurs prior to the delivery or provision of a health care
service and results in a decision to approve or deny payment for
the health care service.]
"Provider network." The health care providers designated by
[a managed care plan] an insurer, MCO or contractor to provide
health care services.
"Provider portal." A designated section or functional
software module accessible via an insurer's, MCO's or
contractor's publicly accessible Internet website that
facilitates health care provider submission of electronic prior
authorization requests.
* * *
"Retrospective utilization review." A review by [a] an
insurer, MCO, contractor or utilization review entity acting on
behalf of an insurer, MCO or contractor of all reasonably
necessary supporting information which occurs following delivery
or provision of a health care service and results in a decision
to approve or deny payment for the health care service.
* * *
"Step therapy." A course of treatment where certain
designated drugs or treatment protocols must be either
contraindicated or used and found to be ineffective prior to
approval of coverage for other designated drugs. The term does
not include requests for coverage of nonformulary drugs.
"Urgent health care service." A covered health care service
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subject to prior authorization in which the application of the
time periods for making non-urgent care determinations:
(1) could seriously jeopardize the life or health of the
enrollee or the ability of the enrollee to regain maximum
function; or
(2) in the opinion of a physician with knowledge of the
enrollee's medical condition would subject the enrollee to
severe pain that cannot be adequately managed without the care
or treatment that is the subject of the prior authorization.
"URGENT HEALTH CARE SERVICE." A COVERED HEALTH CARE SERVICE
SUBJECT TO PRIOR AUTHORIZATION THAT IS DELIVERED ON AN EXPEDITED
BASIS FOR THE TREATMENT OF AN ACUTE CONDITION WITH SYMPTOMS OF
SUFFICIENT SEVERITY PURSUANT TO A DETERMINATION BY A DULY
LICENSED AND BOARD-CERTIFIED TREATING PHYSICIAN, OPERATING
WITHIN THE INDIVIDUAL'S SCOPE OF PRACTICE AND PROFESSIONAL
EXPERTISE, THAT THE ABSENCE OF SUCH SIGNIFICANT MEDICAL
INTERVENTION IS LIKELY TO RESULT IN SERIOUS, LONG-TERM HEALTH
COMPLICATIONS OR A MATERIAL DETERIORATION IN THE ENROLLEE'S
CONDITION AND PROGNOSIS.
"Utilization review." A system of [prospective, concurrent]
prior authorization, concurrent utilization review or
retrospective utilization review performed by [a] an insurer,
MCO, contractor or utilization review entity on behalf of an
insurer, MCO or contractor of the medical necessity [and],
appropriateness, health care setting and level of care or
effectiveness of health care services prescribed, provided or
proposed to be provided to an enrollee. The term does not
include any of the following:
(1) Requests for clarification of coverage, eligibility or
health care service verification.
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(2) A health care provider's internal quality assurance or
utilization review process unless the review results in denial
of payment for a health care service.
"Utilization review entity." Any entity certified pursuant
to subdivision (h) that performs utilization review on behalf of
[a managed care plan] an insurer, MCO or contractor.
Section 2. Subarticle (b) heading of Article XXI and
sections 2111, 2112 and 2113 of the act are amended to read:
(b) [Managed Care Plan] Insurer, MCO and Contractor
Requirements.
Section 2111. Responsibilities of [Managed Care Plans]
Insurer, MCOs and Contractors.--[A managed care plan] An
insurer, MCO or contractor shall do all of the following:
(1) Assure availability and accessibility of adequate health
care providers in a timely manner, which enables enrollees to
have access to quality care and continuity of health care
services.
(2) Consult with health care providers in active clinical
practice regarding professional qualifications and necessary
specialists to be included in the [plan] health insurance
policy, MCO contract or CHIP contract.
(3) Adopt and maintain a definition of medical necessity
used by the [plan] health insurance policy, MCO contract or CHIP
contract in determining health care services.
(4) Ensure that emergency services are provided twenty-four
(24) hours a day, seven (7) days a week and provide reasonable
payment or reimbursement for emergency services.
(5) Adopt and maintain procedures by which an enrollee can
obtain health care services outside the [plan's] health
insurance policy's, MCO contract's or CHIP contract's service
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area.
(6) Adopt and maintain procedures by which an enrollee with
a life-threatening, degenerative or disabling disease or
condition shall, upon request, receive an evaluation and, if the
[plan's] insurer's, MCO's or contractor's established standards
are met, be permitted to receive:
(i) a standing referral to a specialist with clinical
expertise in treating the disease or condition; or
(ii) the designation of a specialist to provide and
coordinate the enrollee's primary and specialty care.
The referral to or designation of a specialist shall be pursuant
to a treatment plan approved by the [managed care plan] insurer,
MCO or contractor in consultation with the primary care
provider, the enrollee and, as appropriate, the specialist. When
possible, the specialist must be a health care provider
participating in the [plan] health insurance policy, MCO
contract or CHIP contract.
(7) Provide direct access to obstetrical and gynecological
services by permitting an enrollee to select a health care
provider participating in the [plan] health insurance policy,
MCO contract or CHIP contract to obtain maternity and
gynecological care, including medically necessary and
appropriate follow-up care and referrals for diagnostic testing
related to maternity and gynecological care, without prior
approval from a primary care provider. The health care services
shall be within the scope of practice of the selected health
care provider. The selected health care provider shall inform
the enrollee's primary care provider of all health care services
provided.
(8) Adopt and maintain a complaint process as set forth in
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subdivision (g).
(9) Adopt and maintain a grievance process as set forth in
subdivision (i).
(10) Adopt and maintain credentialing standards for health
care providers as set forth in subdivision (d).
(11) Ensure that there are participating health care
providers that are physically accessible to people with
disabilities and can communicate with individuals with sensory
disabilities in accordance with Title III of the Americans with
Disabilities Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-336, 42 U.S.C. § 12181
et seq.).
(12) Provide a list of health care providers participating
in the [plan] health insurance policy, MCO contract or CHIP
contract to the department every two (2) years or as may
otherwise be required by the department. The list shall include
the extent to which [health care] participating providers [in
the plan] are accepting new enrollees.
(13) Report to the department and the Insurance Department
in accordance with the requirements of this article. Such
information shall include the number, type and disposition of
all complaints and grievances filed with the [plan] insurer, MCO
or contractor.
Section 2112. Financial Incentives Prohibition.--No [managed
care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor shall use any financial
incentive that compensates a health care provider for providing
less than medically necessary and appropriate care to an
enrollee. Nothing in this section shall be deemed to prohibit [a
managed care plan] an insurer, MCO or contractor from using a
capitated payment arrangement or other risk-sharing arrangement.
Section 2113. Medical Gag Clause Prohibition.--(a) No
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[managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor may penalize or
restrict a health care provider from discussing:
(1) the process that the [plan] insurer, MCO or contractor
or any entity contracting with the [plan] insurer, MCO or
contractor uses or proposes to use to deny payment for a health
care service;
(2) medically necessary and appropriate care with or on
behalf of an enrollee, including information regarding the
nature of treatment; risks of treatment; alternative treatments;
or the availability of alternate therapies, consultation or
tests; or
(3) the decision of any [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or
contractor to deny payment for a health care service.
(b) A provision to prohibit or restrict disclosure of
medically necessary and appropriate health care information
contained in a contract with a health care provider is contrary
to public policy and shall be void and unenforceable.
(c) No [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor shall
terminate the employment of or a contract with a health care
provider for any of the following:
(1) Advocating for medically necessary and appropriate
health care consistent with the degree of learning and skill
ordinarily possessed by a reputable health care provider
practicing according to the applicable legal standard of care.
(2) Filing a grievance pursuant to the procedures set forth
in this article.
(3) Protesting a decision, policy or practice that the
health care provider, consistent with the degree of learning and
skill ordinarily possessed by a reputable health care provider
practicing according to the applicable legal standard of care,
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reasonably believes interferes with the health care provider's
ability to provide medically necessary and appropriate health
care.
(d) Nothing in this section shall:
(1) Prohibit [a managed care plan] an insurer, MCO or
contractor from making a determination not to pay for a
particular medical treatment, supply or service, enforcing
reasonable peer review or utilization review protocols or making
a determination that a health care provider has or has not
complied with appropriate protocols.
(2) Be construed as requiring [a managed care plan] an
insurer, MCO or contractor to provide, reimburse for or cover
counseling, referral or other health care services if the [plan]
insurer, MCO or contractor:
(i) objects to the provision of that service on moral or
religious grounds; and
(ii) makes available information on its policies regarding
such health care services to enrollees and prospective
enrollees.
Section 3. Section 2116(a) and (b) of the act are amended
and the section is amended by adding a subsection to read:
Section 2116. Emergency Services.--(a) If an enrollee seeks
emergency services and the [emergency] health care provider
determines that emergency services are necessary, the
[emergency] health care provider shall initiate necessary
intervention to evaluate and, if necessary, stabilize the
condition of the enrollee without seeking or receiving
authorization from the [managed care plan. The managed care
plan] insurer, MCO or contractor. No insurer, MCO or contractor
shall require a health care provider to submit a request for
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prior authorization for an emergency service. The insurer, MCO
or contractor shall pay all reasonably necessary costs
associated with emergency services provided during the period of
emergency, subject to all copayments, coinsurances or
deductibles[.], including testing and other diagnostic services
that are medically necessary to evaluate or treat an emergency
medical condition prior to the point at which the condition is
stabilized. When processing a reimbursement claim for emergency
services, [a managed care plan] an insurer, MCO or contractor
shall consider both the presenting symptoms and the services
provided. The [emergency] health care provider shall notify the
enrollee's [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor of the
provision of emergency services and the condition of the
enrollee. If an enrollee's condition has stabilized and the
enrollee can be transported without suffering detrimental
consequences or aggravating the enrollee's condition, the
enrollee may be relocated to another facility to receive
continued care and treatment as necessary. If an enrollee is
admitted to inpatient care or placed in observation immediately
following receipt of a covered emergency service, the inpatient
facility shall have a minimum of twenty-four (24) hours to
notify the enrollee's insurer, MCO or contractor of the
admission or placement with such timeframe to start at the later
of:
(1) the time of the inpatient admission or placement; or
(2) in the case of an enrollee that is unconscious, comatose
or otherwise unable to effectively communicate pertinent
information, the time at which the inpatient facility knew or
reasonably should have known, through diligent efforts, the
identity of the enrollee's insurer, MCO or contractor.
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(b) For emergency services rendered by a licensed emergency
medical services agency, as defined in 35 Pa.C.S. § 8103
(relating to definitions), that has the ability to transport
patients or is providing and billing for emergency services
under an agreement with an emergency medical services agency
that has that ability, the [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or
contractor may not deny a claim for payment solely because the
enrollee did not require transport or refused to be transported.
* * *
(e) Nothing in this section shall require an insurer, MCO or
contractor to waive application of otherwise applicable clinical
review criteria.
Section 4. Section 2117 of the act is amended to read:
Section 2117. Continuity of Care.--(a) Except as provided
under subsection (b), if [a managed care plan] an insurer, MCO
or contractor initiates termination of its contract with a
participating health care provider, an enrollee may continue an
ongoing course of treatment with that health care provider at
the enrollee's option for a transitional period of up to sixty
(60) days from the date the enrollee was notified by the [plan]
insurer, MCO or contractor of the termination or pending
termination. The [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor,
in consultation with the enrollee and the health care provider,
may extend the transitional period if determined to be
clinically appropriate. In the case of an enrollee in the second
or third trimester of pregnancy at the time of notice of the
termination or pending termination, the transitional period
shall extend through postpartum care related to the delivery.
Any health care service provided under this section shall be
covered by the [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor
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under the same terms and conditions as applicable for
participating health care providers.
(b) If the [plan] insurer, MCO or contractor terminates the
contract of a participating health care provider for cause,
including breach of contract, fraud, criminal activity or posing
a danger to an enrollee or the health, safety or welfare of the
public as determined by the [plan] insurer, MCO or contractor,
the [plan] insurer, MCO or contractor shall not be responsible
for health care services provided to the enrollee following the
date of termination.
(c) If the [plan] insurer, MCO or contractor terminates the
contract of a participating primary care provider, the [plan]
insurer, MCO or contractor shall notify every enrollee served by
that provider of the [plan's] insurer's, MCO's or contractor's
termination of its contract and shall request that the enrollee
select another primary care provider.
(d) A new enrollee may continue an ongoing course of
treatment with a nonparticipating health care provider for a
transitional period of up to sixty (60) days from the effective
date of enrollment in a [managed care plan] health insurance
policy, MCO contract or CHIP contract. The [managed care plan]
insurer, MCO or contractor, in consultation with the enrollee
and the health care provider, may extend this transitional
period if determined to be clinically appropriate. In the case
of a new enrollee in the second or third trimester of pregnancy
on the effective date of enrollment, the transitional period
shall extend through postpartum care related to the delivery.
Any health care service provided under this section shall be
covered by the [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor
under the same terms and conditions as applicable for
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participating health care providers.
(e) [A plan] An insurer, MCO or contractor may require a
nonparticipating health care provider whose health care services
are covered under this section to meet the same terms and
conditions as a participating health care provider.
(f) Nothing in this section shall require [a managed care
plan] an insurer, MCO or contractor to provide health care
services that are not otherwise covered under the terms and
conditions of the [plan] health insurance policy, MCO contract
or CHIP contract.
Section 5. The act is amended by adding a section to read:
Section 2118. Medication assisted treatment.--(a) An
insurer, MCO or contractor shall make available without initial
prior authorization coverage of at least one United States Food
and Drug Administration approved prescription drug classified as
Medication Assisted Treatment.
(b) Nothing in this section shall prohibit an insurer, MCO
or contractor from designating preferred medications for the
relevant component of medication assisted treatment when
multiple medications are available, subject to applicable
requirements for documenting and posting any relevant medical
policy or prescription drug formulary information.
(c) With the exception of prior authorization for initial
coverage, nothing in this section shall prohibit an insurer, MCO
or contractor from requiring prior authorization on subsequent
requests for medication assisted treatment to ensure adherence
with clinical guidelines.
Section 6. Sections 2121, 2131 and 2136 of the act are
amended to read:
Section 2121. Procedures.--(a) [A managed care plan] An
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insurer, MCO or contractor shall establish a credentialing
process to enroll qualified health care providers and create an
adequate provider network. The process shall be approved by the
department and shall include written criteria and procedures for
initial enrollment, renewal, restrictions and termination of
credentials for health care providers.
(b) The department shall establish credentialing standards
for [managed care plans.] insurers, MCOs and contractors. The
department may adopt nationally recognized accrediting standards
to establish the credentialing standards for [managed care
plans] insurers, MCOs and contractors.
(c) [A managed care plan] An insurer, MCO or contractor
shall submit a report to the department regarding its
credentialing process at least every two (2) years or as may
otherwise be required by the department.
(d) [A managed care plan] An insurer, MCO or contractor
shall disclose relevant credentialing criteria and procedures to
health care providers that apply to participate or that are
participating in the [plan's] insurer's, MCO's or contractor's
provider network. [A managed care plan] An insurer, MCO or
contractor shall also disclose relevant credentialing criteria
and procedures pursuant to a court order or rule. Any individual
providing information during the credentialing process of [a
managed care plan] an insurer, MCO or contractor shall have the
protections set forth in the act of July 20, 1974 (P.L.564,
No.193), known as the "Peer Review Protection Act."
(e) No [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor shall
exclude or terminate a health care provider from participation
in the [plan] health insurance policy, MCO contract or CHIP
contract due to any of the following:
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(1) The health care provider engaged in any of the
activities set forth in section 2113(c).
(2) The health care provider has a practice that includes a
substantial number of patients with expensive medical
conditions.
(3) The health care provider objects to the provision of or
refuses to provide a health care service on moral or religious
grounds.
(f) If [a managed care plan] an insurer, MCO or contractor
denies enrollment or renewal of credentials to a health care
provider, the [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor
shall provide the health care provider with written notice of
the decision. The notice shall include a clear rationale for the
decision.
Section 2131. Confidentiality.--(a) [A managed care plan]
An insurer, MCO, contractor and a utilization review entity
shall adopt and maintain procedures to ensure that all
identifiable information regarding enrollee health, diagnosis
and treatment is adequately protected and remains confidential
in compliance with all applicable Federal and State laws and
regulations and professional ethical standards.
(b) To the extent [a managed care plan] an insurer, MCO or
contractor maintains medical records, the [plan] insurer, MCO or
contractor shall adopt and maintain procedures to ensure that
enrollees have timely access to their medical records unless
prohibited by Federal or State law or regulation.
(c) (1) Information regarding an enrollee's health or
treatment shall be available to the enrollee, the enrollee's
designee or as necessary to prevent death or serious injury.
(2) Nothing in this section shall:
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(i) Prevent disclosure necessary to determine coverage,
review complaints or grievances, conduct utilization review or
facilitate payment of a claim.
(ii) Deny the department, the Insurance Department or the
Department of [Public Welfare] Human Services access to records
for purposes of quality assurance, investigation of complaints
or grievances, enforcement or other activities related to
compliance with this article and other laws of this
Commonwealth. Records shall be accessible only to department
employes or agents with direct responsibilities under the
provisions of this subparagraph.
(iii) Deny access to information necessary for a utilization
review entity to conduct a review under this article.
(iv) Deny access to the [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or
contractor for internal quality review, including reviews
conducted as part of the [plan's] insurer's, MCO's and
contractor's quality oversight process. During such reviews,
enrollees shall remain anonymous to the greatest extent
possible.
(v) Deny access to [managed care plans] insurers, MCOs,
contractors, health care providers and their respective
designees for the purpose of providing patient care management,
outcomes improvement and research. For this purpose, enrollees
shall provide consent and shall remain anonymous to the greatest
extent possible.
Section 2136. Required Disclosure.--(a) [A managed care
plan] An insurer, MCO or contractor shall supply each enrollee
and, upon written request, each prospective enrollee or health
care provider with the following written information. Such
information shall be easily understandable by the layperson and
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shall include, but not be limited to:
(1) A description of coverage, benefits and benefit
maximums, including benefit limitations and exclusions of
coverage, health care services and the definition of medical
necessity used by the [plan] health insurance, MCO contract or
CHIP contract in determining whether these benefits will be
covered. The following statement shall be included in all
marketing materials in boldface type:
This [managed care plan] health insurance policy or contract
may not cover all your health care expenses. Read your
contract carefully to determine which health care services
are covered.
The notice shall be followed by a telephone number to contact
the [plan] insurer, MCO or contractor.
(2) A description of all necessary prior authorizations or
other requirements for nonemergency health care services as
required in section 2154(b).
(3) An explanation of an enrollee's financial responsibility
for payment of premiums, coinsurance, copayments, deductibles
and other charges, annual limits on an enrollee's financial
responsibility and caps on payments for health care services
provided under the [plan] health insurance policy, MCO contract
or CHIP contract.
(4) An explanation of an enrollee's financial responsibility
for payment when a health care service is provided by a
nonparticipating health care provider, when a health care
service is provided by any health care provider without required
authorization or when the care rendered is not covered by the
[plan] health insurance policy, MCO contract or CHIP contract.
(5) A description of how the [managed care plan] insurer,
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MCO or contractor addresses the needs of non-English-speaking
enrollees.
(6) A notice of mailing addresses and telephone numbers
necessary to enable an enrollee to obtain approval or
authorization of a health care service or other information
regarding the [plan] health insurance policy, MCO contract or
CHIP contract.
(7) A summary of the [plan's] health insurance policy's, MCO
contract's or CHIP contract's utilization review policies and
procedures.
(8) A summary of all complaint and grievance procedures used
to resolve disputes between the [managed care plan] insurer, MCO
contractor and an enrollee or a health care provider, including:
(i) The procedure to file a complaint or grievance as set
forth in this article, including a toll-free telephone number to
obtain information regarding the filing and status of a
complaint or grievance.
(ii) The right to appeal a decision relating to a complaint
or grievance.
(iii) The enrollee's right to designate a representative to
participate in the complaint or grievance process as set forth
in this article.
(iv) A notice that all disputes involving denial of payment
for a health care service will be made by qualified personnel
with experience in the same or similar scope of practice and
that all notices of decisions will include information regarding
the basis for the determination.
(9) A description of the procedure for providing emergency
services twenty-four (24) hours a day. The description shall
include:
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(i) A definition of emergency services as set forth in this
article.
(ii) Notice that emergency services are not subject to prior
approval.
(iii) The enrollee's financial and other responsibilities
regarding emergency services, including the receipt of these
services outside the [managed care plan's] insurer's, MCO's or
contractor's service area.
(10) A description of the procedures for enrollees to select
a participating health care provider, including how to determine
whether a participating health care provider is accepting new
enrollees.
(11) A description of the procedures for changing primary
care providers and specialists.
(12) A description of the procedures by which an enrollee
may obtain a referral to a health care provider outside the
provider network when that provider network does not include a
health care provider with appropriate training and experience to
meet the health care service needs of an enrollee.
(13) A description of the procedures that an enrollee with a
life-threatening, degenerative or disabling disease or condition
shall follow and satisfy to be eligible for:
(i) a standing referral to a specialist with clinical
expertise in treating the disease or condition; or
(ii) the designation of a specialist to provide and
coordinate the enrollee's primary and specialty care.
(14) A list by specialty of the name, address and telephone
number of all participating health care providers. The list may
be a separate document and shall be updated at least annually.
(15) A list of the information available to enrollees or
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prospective enrollees, upon written request, under subsection
(b).
(b) Each [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor
shall, upon written request of an enrollee or prospective
enrollee, provide the following written information:
(1) A list of the names, business addresses and official
positions of the membership of the board of directors or
officers of the [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor.
(2) The procedures adopted to protect the confidentiality of
medical records and other enrollee information.
(3) A description of the credentialing process for health
care providers.
(4) A list of the participating health care providers
affiliated with participating hospitals.
(5) Whether a specifically identified drug is included or
excluded from coverage.
(6) A description of the process by which a health care
provider can prescribe specific drugs, drugs used for an off-
label purpose, biologicals and medications not included in the
drug formulary for prescription drugs or biologicals when the
formulary's equivalent has been ineffective in the treatment of
the enrollee's disease or if the drug causes or is reasonably
expected to cause adverse or harmful reactions to the enrollee.
(7) A description of the procedures followed by the [managed
care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor to make decisions about
the experimental nature of individual drugs, medical devices or
treatments.
(8) A summary of the methodologies used by the [managed care
plan] insurer, MCO or contractor to reimburse for health care
services. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to
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require disclosure of individual contracts or the specific
details of any financial arrangement between [a managed care
plan] an insurer, MCO, contractor and a health care provider.
(9) A description of the procedures used in the [managed
care plan's] insurer's, MCO's or contractor's quality assurance
program.
(10) Other information as may be required by the department
or the Insurance Department.
Section 7. The act is amended by adding a section to read:
Section 2137. Medical policy and clinical review criteria
adopted by an insurer, MCO or contractor.--(a) An insurer, MCO
or contractor shall make available its current medical policies
on the insurer's, MCO's and contractor's publicly accessible
Internet website or provider portal. The insurer's, MCO's or
contractor's medical policies shall include reference to the
clinical review criteria used in developing the medical policy.
If an insurer's, MCO's or contractor's medical policy
incorporates licensed third-party standards that also limit the
insurer's, MCO's or contractor's ability to publish those
standards in full, the insurer's, MCO's or contractor's posted
policies shall clearly identify these sources.
(b) An insurer, MCO or contractor shall review each adopted
medical policy on at least an annual basis.
(c) An insurer, MCO or contractor shall notify health care
providers of discretionary changes to medical policies at least
thirty (30) days prior to application of the changes. The
following apply:
(1) In the case of policy changes due to changes in Federal
or State law, regulation or binding agency guidance, an insurer,
MCO or contractor shall notify health care providers at least
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thirty (30) days prior to the application of the changes, except
that in cases where the timing of changes in binding guidance
makes such advance notice impracticable, an insurer, MCO or
contractor shall make commercially reasonable efforts to notify
providers of such changes prior to their application.
(2) Notification of changes may be provided through the
posting of an updated and dated medical policy reflecting the
change or through other reasonable means.
(3) In the case of changes to medical policies that modify,
eliminate or suspend either clinical or administrative criteria
and that directly result in less restrictive coverage of a given
service, an insurer, MCO or contractor shall notify health care
providers within (30) days after application of such change.
(d) Clinical review criteria adopted by an insurer, MCO or
contractor at the time of medical policy development or review
shall:
(1) Be based on nationally recognized medical standards.
(2) Be consistent with applicable governmental guidelines.
(3) Provide for the delivery of a health care service in a
clinically appropriate type, frequency, setting and duration.
(4) Reflect the current quality of medical and scientific
evidence regarding emerging procedures, clinical guidelines and
best practices as articulated in independent, peer-reviewed
medical literature.
(e) Nothing in this section shall require an insurer, MCO or
contractor to provide coverage for a health care service that is
otherwise excluded from coverage under a health insurance
policy, MCO contract or CHIP contract.
Section 8. Sections 2141, 2142(a) and (b), 2143, 2151(e) and
2152(a)(3), (4)(i) and (7) and (c) of the act are amended to
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read:
Section 2141. Internal Complaint Process.--(a) [A managed
care plan] An insurer, MCO or contractor shall establish and
maintain an internal complaint process [with two levels of
review] by which an enrollee shall be able to file a complaint
[regarding a participating health care provider or the coverage,
operations or management policies of the managed care plan].
(b) The complaint process shall consist of [an initial] a
review [to] by a committee of three or more individuals, a third
of which shall not be employed by the insurer, MCO or contractor
and shall include all of the following:
[(1) A review by an initial review committee consisting of
one or more employes of the managed care plan.]
(2) The allowance of a written or oral complaint.
(3) The allowance of written data or other information.
(4) A review or investigation of the complaint which shall
be completed within thirty (30) days of receipt of the
complaint.
(5) A written notification to the enrollee regarding the
decision of the [initial] review committee within five (5)
business days of the decision. [Notice shall include the basis
for the decision and the procedure to file a request for a
second level review of the decision of the initial review
committee.
(c) The complaint process shall include a second level
review that includes all of the following:
(1) A review of the decision of the initial review committee
by a second level review committee consisting of three or more
individuals who did not participate in the initial review. At
least one third of the second level review committee shall not
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be employed by the managed care plan.
(2) A written notification to the enrollee of the right to
appear before the second level review committee.
(3) A requirement that the second level review be completed
within forty-five (45) days of receipt of a request for such
review.
(4) A written notification to the enrollee regarding the
decision of the second level review committee within five (5)
business days of the decision.] The notice shall include the
basis for the decision and the procedure for appealing the
decision to the department or the Insurance Department.
Section 2142. Appeal of Complaint.--(a) An enrollee shall
have [fifteen (15) days] four (4) months from receipt of the
notice of the decision from the [second level] review committee
to appeal the decision to the department or the Insurance
Department, as appropriate.
(b) All records from the [initial] review [and second level
review] shall be transmitted to the appropriate department in
the manner prescribed. The enrollee, the health care provider or
the [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor may submit
additional materials related to the complaint.
* * *
Section 2143. Complaint Resolution.--Nothing in this
subdivision shall prevent the department or the Insurance
Department from communicating with the enrollee, the health care
provider or the [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor
as appropriate to assist in the resolution of a complaint. Such
communication may occur at any time during the complaint
process.
Section 2151. Certification.--* * *
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(e) [A licensed] An insurer [or a managed care plan], MCO or
contractor with a certificate of authority shall comply with the
standards and procedures of this subdivision but shall not be
required to obtain separate certification as a utilization
review entity.
Section 2152. Operational Standards.--(a) A utilization
review entity shall do all of the following:
* * *
(3) Ensure that a health care provider is able to verify
that an individual requesting information on behalf of the
[managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor is a legitimate
representative of the [plan] insurer, MCO or contractor.
(4) Conduct utilization reviews based on the medical
necessity [and], appropriateness, health care setting, level of
care or effectiveness of the health care service being reviewed
and provide notification within the following time frames:
(i) A [prospective utilization review] prior authorization
decision shall be communicated [within two (2) business days of
the receipt of all supporting information reasonably necessary
to complete the review.] pursuant to the review timelines
contained in section 2154(g).
* * *
(7) Notify the health care provider of additional facts or
documents required to complete the utilization review within
forty-eight (48) hours of receipt of the request for review[.]
or pursuant to section 2154(h) for missing clinical information
for all requests for prior authorization.
* * *
(c) Utilization review that results in a denial of payment
for a health care service, not including an administrative
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denial, shall be made by a licensed physician, except as
provided in subsection (d) or section 2154(c) for all requests
for prior authorization.
* * *
Section 9. The act is amended by adding sections to read:
Section 2153. Step Therapy Considerations.--The following:
(1) If an insurer's, MCO's or contractor's medical policy
adopted under section 2137 incorporates step therapy criteria
for prescription drugs, an insurer, MCO or contractor shall
consider as part of the insurer's, MCO's or contractor's initial
prior authorization process or a request for an exception to the
insurer's, MCO's or contractors step therapy criteria, and based
on the enrollee's individualized clinical condition, the
following:
(i) Contraindications, including adverse reactions.
(ii) Clinical effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the
required prerequisite prescription drugs or therapies.
(iii) Past clinical outcome of the required prerequisite
prescription drug or therapy.
(iv) The expected clinical outcomes of the requested
prescription drug prescribed by the enrollee's health care
provider.
(v) For new enrollees, whether the enrollee has already
satisfied a step therapy protocol with their previous health
insurer that required trials of drugs from each of the classes
that are required by the current insurer's, MCO's or
contractor's step therapy protocol.
(2) The provisions of section 2154 shall apply to step
therapy reviews conducted under this section.
Section 2154. Prior Authorization Review.-- (a) (1)
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Insurer, MCO or contractor review of a request for prior
authorization shall be based upon the insurer's, MCO's or
contractor's medical policy, administrative policy and all
medical information and evidence submitted by the requesting
provider.
(2) At the time of review, an insurer, MCO or contractor
shall also verify the enrollee's eligibility for coverage under
the terms of the applicable health insurance policy, MCO
contract or CHIP contract.
(3) Appeals of administrative denials shall be subject to
the complaint process under subarticle (g).
(b) An insurer, MCO or contractor shall make available a
list, posted in a publicly accessible format and location on the
insurer's, MCO's or contractor's publicly accessible Internet
website, and provider portal, that indicates the health services
for which the insurer, MCO or contractor requires prior
authorization.
(c) Other than an administrative denial, a request for prior
authorization may only be denied upon review by a properly
licensed medical professional with appropriate training,
knowledge or experience in the same or similar specialty that
typically manages or consults on the health care service in
question. Alternatively, an insurer, MCO or contractor may
satisfy this requirement through the completion of the review by
a licensed medical professional in consultation with an
appropriately qualified third-party medical professional,
licensed in the same or similar medical specialty as the
requesting health care provider or type of health care provider
that typically manages the enrollee's associated condition,
provided that any compensation paid to the consulting
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professional may not be contingent upon the outcome of the
review. Nothing in this section shall compel an insurer, MCO or
contractor to obtain third-party medical professionals in the
same specialty or subspecialty.
(d) In the case of a denied prior authorization, the
insurer, MCO or contractor shall make available to the
requesting health care provider a licensed medical professional
for a peer-to-peer review discussion. The peer-to-peer reviewer
provided by the insurer, MCO or contractor shall meet the
standards under subsection (c) and have authority to modify or
overturn the prior authorization decision. The procedure for
requesting a peer-to-peer review shall be available on the
insurer's, MCO's or contractor's publicly accessible Internet
website and provider portal. An insurer's, MCO's or contractor's
peer-to-peer procedure shall include, but not be limited to,
ability to request a peer-to-peer discussion:
(1) during normal business hours; or
(2) outside normal business hours subject to reasonable
limitations on the availability of qualified insurer, MCO or
contractor staff. In the event an insurer, MCO or contractor
uses a third-party vendor or utilization review entity to
conduct peer-to-peer reviews for denials administered by the
vendor or entity, the procedure under subsection (i) shall
include contact information and information on the hours of
availability of the vendor or entity necessary for a requesting
health care provider to schedule a peer-to-peer discussion.
(e) A health care provider may designate, and an insurer,
MCO or contractor shall accept, another licensed member of the
health care provider's affiliated or employed clinical staff
with knowledge of the enrollee's condition and requested
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procedure as a qualified proxy for purposes of completing a
peer-to-peer discussion. Individuals eligible to receive a proxy
designation shall be limited to licensed health care providers
whose actual authority and scope of practice is inclusive of
performing or prescribing the requested health care service.
Such authority may be established through a supervising
physician consistent with applicable State law for non-physician
practitioners. The insurer, MCO or contractor must accept and
review the information submitted by other members of a health
care provider's affiliated or employed staff in support of a
prior authorization request. The insurer, MCO or contractor may
not limit interactions with an insurer's, MCO's or contractor's
clinical staff solely to the requesting health care provider.
(f) A peer-to-peer discussion shall be available to a
requesting health care provider from the time of a denial of
prior authorization until the internal grievance process
commences. If a peer-to-peer discussion is available prior to
adjudicating a prior authorization request, the peer-to-peer
shall be offered within the timeline in subsection (g).
(g) An insurer's, MCO's or contractor's decision to approve
or deny prior authorization shall be rendered within the
following timeframes and following the submission of a COMPLETE
prior authorization request:
(1) An insurer, MCO or contractor shall issue a prior
authorization determination for a medical health care service in
accordance with the following timeframes:
(i) Review of request for urgent health care services as
expeditiously as the enrollee's health condition requires but no
more than seventy-two (72) hours.
(ii) Review of request for non-urgent medical services not
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more than fifteen (15) calendar days.
(2) Insurers, MCOs and contractors shall issue a prior
authorization determination for a prescription drug medication
or render a decision on step therapy under section 2153 in
accordance with the following timeframes:
(i) Review or urgent request not more than twenty-four (24)
hours.
(ii) Review of standard request not more than two (2)
business days and not to exceed seventy-two (72) hours.
(3) If at any time after requesting prior authorization the
health care provider determines the enrollee's medical condition
requires emergency services, such services may be provided under
section 2116.
(4) UPON RECEIPT OF A SUBMISSION OF A PRIOR AUTHORIZATION
REQUEST, AN INSURER, MCO OR CONTRACTOR SHALL NOTIFY THE HEALTH
CARE PROVIDER OF ANY MISSING OR OTHER SUPPORTING INFORMATION
NECESSARY TO MAKE IT A COMPLETE PRIOR AUTHORIZATION REQUEST IN
ACCORDANCE WITH SUBSECTION (H).
(h) (1) In the event that a prior authorization request is
missing clinical information that is reasonably necessary to
complete a review, the insurer, MCO or contractor shall notify
the health care provider of any missing clinical information
necessary to complete the review within twenty-four (24) hours
of receipt of the prior authorization request for urgent health
care services or within two (2) business days of receipt of all
other types of prior authorization requests and allow the
requesting health care provider or any member of the requesting
health care provider's clinical or administrative staff to
submit such information within the established review time
lines. A request for information under this subsection shall be
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made with sufficient specificity to enable the health care
provider to identify the necessary clinical or other supporting
information necessary to complete review.
(2) The period of time in which the health care provider is
gathering the requested documentation shall be added to the time
frame provided under subsection (g).
(i) An insurer, MCO or contractor may supplement submitted
information based on current clinical records or other current
medical information for an enrollee as available, provided that
the supplemental information is also made available to the
enrollee or health care provider as part of the enrollee's
authorization case file upon request. In response to any request
for missing information, an insurer, MCO or contractor shall
also accept supplemental information from any member of the
health care provider's clinical staff.
(j) If a health care provider performs a closely related
service, the insurer, MCO or contractor may not deny a claim for
the closely related service for failure of the health care
provider to seek or obtain prior authorization, provided that:
(1) The health care provider notifies the insurer, MCO or
contractor of the performance of the closely related service no
later than seventy two (72) hours following completion of the
service but prior to the submission of the claim for
payment. The submission of the notification shall include the
submission of all relevant clinical information necessary for
the insurer, MCO or contractor to evaluate the medical necessity
and appropriateness of the service.
(2) Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to limit
an insurer's, MCO's or contractor's consideration of medical
necessity and appropriateness of the closely service, nor limit
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the need for verification of the enrollee's eligibility for
coverage.
Section 2155. Provider portal.--(a) Within eighteen (18)
months following the effective date of this section, an insurer,
MCO or contractor shall establish a provider portal that
includes, at minimum, the following features:
(1) Electronic submission of prior authorization requests.
(2) Access to an insurer's, MCO's or contractor's applicable
medical policies.
(3) Information necessary to request a peer-to-peer review.
(4) Contact information for an insurer's, MCO's or
contractor's relevant clinical or administrative staff.
(5) For any prior authorization service not subject to
electronic submission via the provider portal, copies of any
applicable submission forms.
(6) Instructions for the submission of prior authorization
requests in the event that an insurer's, MCO's or contractor's
provider portal is unavailable for any reason.
(b) Within six (6) months following the establishment of
provider portals under subsection (a), an insurer, MCO or
contractor shall make available to health care providers and
their affiliated or employed staff access to training on the use
of the insurer's, MCO's or contractor's provider portal.
(c) Within eighteen (18) months following the establishment
of provider portals under subsection (a), a health care provider
seeking prior authorization shall submit such request via an
insurer's, MCO's or contractor's provider portal, provided that:
(1) Submission via provider portal shall only be required to
the extent an insurer's, MCO's or contractor's provider portal
is available and operational at the time of attempted
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submission.
(2) Submission via an insurer's, MCO's or contractor's
provider portal shall only be required to the extent the health
care provider has access to the insurer's, MCO's or contractor's
operational provider portal.
(3) Insurers, MCOs and contractors may elect to maintain
allowances for submission of prior authorization requests
outside of the provider portal.
Section 10. Sections 2161, 2162, 2163, 2166, subarticle (k)
heading of Article XXI and sections 2171, 2181, 2182 and 2191 of
the act are amended to read:
Section 2161. Internal Grievance Process.--(a) [A managed
care plan] An insurer, MCO or contractor shall establish and
maintain an internal grievance process [with two levels of
review] and an expedited internal grievance process by which an
enrollee or a health care provider, with the written consent of
the enrollee, shall be able to file a written grievance
regarding the denial of payment for a health care service within
four (4) months of receiving an adverse benefit determination.
An enrollee who consents to the filing of a grievance by a
health care provider under this section may not file a separate
grievance.
(b) The internal grievance process shall consist of [an
initial] a review that includes all of the following:
(1) A review by [one] three or more persons selected by the
[managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor who did not
previously participate in the decision to deny payment for the
health care service.
(2) The completion of the review within thirty (30) days of
receipt of the grievance.
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(3) A written notification to the enrollee and health care
provider[.] of the right to appear before the review committee
within five (5) business days of receiving the internal
grievance.
(4) A written notification to the enrollee and health care
provider regarding the decision within five (5) business days of
the decision. The notice shall include the basis and clinical
rationale for the decision and the procedure to file a request
[for a second level review of] appealing the decision as an
external grievance.
[(c) The grievance process shall include a second level
review that includes all of the following:
(1) A review of the decision issued pursuant to subsection
(b) by a second level review committee consisting of three or
more persons who did not previously participate in any decision
to deny payment for the health care service.
(2) A written notification to the enrollee or the health
care provider of the right to appear before the second level
review committee.
(3) The completion of the second level review within forty-
five (45) days of receipt of a request for such review.
(4) A written notification to the enrollee and health care
provider regarding the decision of the second level review
committee within five (5) business days of the decision. The
notice shall include the basis and clinical rationale for the
decision and the procedure for appealing the decision.]
(d) Any [initial review or second level] review conducted
under this section shall include a licensed physician, or, where
appropriate, an approved licensed psychologist, in the same or
similar specialty that typically manages or consults on the
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health care service.
(e) Should the enrollee's life, health or ability to regain
maximum function be in jeopardy, an expedited internal grievance
process shall be available which shall include a requirement
that a decision with appropriate notification to the enrollee
and health care provider be made within forty-eight (48) hours
of the filing of the expedited grievance.
Section 2162. External Grievance Process.--(a) [A managed
care plan] An insurer, MCO or conttractor CONT RACTOR shall
establish and maintain an external grievance process by which an
enrollee or a health care provider with the written consent of
the enrollee may appeal the denial of a grievance following
completion of the internal grievance process. The external
grievance process shall be conducted by an independent
utilization review entity not directly affiliated with the
[managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor .
(b) To conduct external grievances filed under this section:
(1) The department shall randomly assign a utilization
review entity on a rotational basis from the list maintained
under subsection (d) and notify the assigned utilization review
entity and the [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor
within two (2) business days of receiving the request. If the
department fails to select a utilization review entity under
this subsection, the [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or
contractor shall designate and notify a certified utilization
review entity to conduct the external grievance.
(2) The [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor shall
notify the enrollee or health care provider of the name, address
and telephone number of the utilization review entity assigned
under this subsection within two (2) business days.
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(c) The external grievance process shall meet all of the
following requirements:
(1) Any external grievance shall be filed with the [managed
care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor within [fifteen (15) days]
four (4) months of receipt of a notice of denial resulting from
the internal grievance process. The filing of the external
grievance shall include any material justification and all
reasonably necessary supporting information. Within five (5)
business days of the filing of an external grievance, the
[managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor shall notify the
enrollee or the health care provider, the utilization review
entity that conducted the internal grievance and the department
that an external grievance has been filed.
(2) The utilization review entity that conducted the
internal grievance shall forward copies of all written
documentation regarding the denial, including the decision, all
reasonably necessary supporting information, a summary of
applicable issues and the basis and clinical rationale for the
decision, to the utilization review entity conducting the
external grievance within fifteen (15) days of receipt of notice
that the external grievance was filed. Any additional written
information may be submitted by the enrollee or the health care
provider within fifteen (15) days of receipt of notice that the
external grievance was filed.
(3) The utilization review entity conducting the external
grievance shall review all information considered in reaching
any prior decisions to deny payment for the health care service
and any other written submission by the enrollee or the health
care provider.
(4) An external grievance decision shall be made by:
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(i) one or more licensed physicians or approved licensed
psychologists in active clinical practice or in the same or
similar specialty that typically manages or recommends treatment
for the health care service being reviewed; or
(ii) one or more physicians currently certified by a board
approved by the American Board of Medical Specialists or the
American Board of Osteopathic Specialties in the same or similar
specialty that typically manages or recommends treatment for the
health care service being reviewed.
(5) Within sixty (60) days of the filing of the external
grievance, the utilization review entity conducting the external
grievance shall issue a written decision to the [managed care
plan] insurer, MCO or contractor, the enrollee and the health
care provider, including the basis and clinical rationale for
the decision. The standard of review shall be whether the health
care service denied by the internal grievance process was
medically necessary and appropriate under the terms of the
[plan] health insurance policy, MCO contract or CHIP contract.
The external grievance decision shall be subject to appeal to a
court of competent jurisdiction within sixty (60) days of
receipt of notice of the external grievance decision. There
shall be a rebuttable presumption in favor of the decision of
the utilization review entity conducting the external grievance.
(6) The [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor shall
authorize any health care service or pay a claim determined to
be medically necessary and appropriate under paragraph (5)
pursuant to section 2166 whether or not an appeal to a court of
competent jurisdiction has been filed.
(7) All fees and costs related to an external grievance
shall be paid by the nonprevailing party if the external
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grievance was filed by the health care provider. The health care
provider and the utilization review entity or [managed care
plan] insurer, MCO or contractor shall each place in escrow an
amount equal to one-half of the estimated costs of the external
grievance process. If the external grievance was filed by the
enrollee, all fees and costs related thereto shall be paid by
the [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor. For purposes
of this paragraph, fees and costs shall not include attorney
fees.
(d) The department shall compile and maintain a list of
certified utilization review entities that meet the requirements
of this article. The department may remove a utilization review
entity from the list if such an entity is incapable of
performing its responsibilities in a reasonable manner, charges
excessive fees or violates this article.
(e) A fee may be imposed by [a managed care plan] an
insurer, MCO or contractor for filing an external grievance
pursuant to this article which shall not exceed twenty-five
($25) dollars.
(f) Written contracts between [managed care plans] insurers,
MCO or contractor and health care providers may provide an
alternative dispute resolution system to the external grievance
process set forth in this article if the department approves the
contract. The alternative dispute resolution system shall be
impartial, include specific time limitations to initiate
appeals, receive written information, conduct hearings and
render decisions and otherwise satisfy the requirements of this
section. A written decision pursuant to an alternative dispute
resolution system shall be final and binding on all parties. An
alternative dispute resolution system shall not be utilized for
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any external grievance filed by an enrollee.
Section 2163. Records.--Records regarding grievances filed
under this subdivision that result in decisions adverse to
enrollees shall be maintained by the [plan] insurer, MCO or
contractor for not less than three (3) years. These records
shall be provided to the department, if requested, in accordance
with section 2131(c)(2)(ii).
Section 2166. Prompt Payment of Claims.--(a) [A licensed]
An insurer [or a managed care plan], MCO or contractor shall pay
a clean claim submitted by a health care provider within forty-
five (45) days of receipt of the clean claim.
(b) If [a licensed] an insurer [or a managed care plan], MCO
or contractor fails to remit the payment as provided under
subsection (a), interest at ten per centum (10%) per annum shall
be added to the amount owed on the clean claim. Interest shall
be calculated beginning the day after the required payment date
and ending on the date the claim is paid. The licensed insurer
or [managed care plan] insurer, MCO or contractor shall not be
required to pay any interest calculated to be less than two ($2)
dollars.
(k) Health Care Provider [and Managed Care Plan], Insurer, MCO
and Contractor Protection.
Section 2171. Health Care Provider [and Managed Care Plan],
Insurer, MCO and Contractor Protection.--(a) [A managed care
plan] An insurer, MCO or contractor shall not exclude,
discriminate against or penalize any health care provider for
its refusal to allow, perform, participate in or refer for
health care services when the refusal of the health care
provider is based on moral or religious grounds and that
provider makes adequate information available to enrollees or,
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if applicable, prospective enrollees.
(b) No public institution, public official or public agency
may take disciplinary action against, deny licensure or
certification or penalize any person, association or corporation
attempting to establish a [plan] health insurance policy, MCO
contract, CHIP contract or operating, expanding or improving an
existing [plan] health insurance policy, MCO contract or CHIP
contract because the person, association or corporation refuses
to provide any particular form of health care services or other
services or supplies covered by other [plans] health insurance
policies, MCO contracts or CHIP contracts when the refusal is
based on moral or religious grounds.
Section 2181. Departmental Powers and Duties.--(a) The
department shall require that records and documents submitted to
[a managed care plan] an insurer, MCO, contractor or utilization
review entity as part of any complaint or grievance be made
available to the department, upon request, for purposes of
enforcement or compliance with this article.
(b) The department shall compile data received from [a
managed care plan] an insurer, MCO or contractor on an annual
basis regarding the number, type and disposition of complaints
and grievances filed with [a managed care plan] an insurer, MCO
or contractor under this article.
(c) The department shall issue guidelines identifying those
provisions of this article that exceed or are not included in
the "Standards for the Accreditation of Managed Care
Organizations" published by the National Committee for Quality
Assurance. These guidelines shall be published in the
Pennsylvania Bulletin and updated as necessary. Copies of the
guidelines shall be made available to [managed care plans]
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insurers, MCOs, contractors, health care providers and enrollees
upon request.
(d) The department and the Insurance Department shall ensure
compliance with this article. The appropriate department shall
investigate potential violations of the article based upon
information received from enrollees, health care providers and
other sources in order to ensure compliance with this article.
(e) The department and the Insurance Department shall
promulgate such regulations as may be necessary to carry out the
provisions of this article.
(f) The department in cooperation with the Insurance
Department shall submit an annual report to the General Assembly
regarding the implementation, operation and enforcement of this
article.
Section 2182. Penalties and Sanctions.--(a) The department
or the Insurance Department, as appropriate, may impose a civil
penalty of up to five thousand ($5,000) dollars for a violation
of this article.
(b) [A managed care plan] An insurer, MCO or contractor
shall be subject to the act of July 22, 1974 (P.L.589, No.205),
known as the "Unfair Insurance Practices Act."
(c) The department or the Insurance Department may maintain
an action in the name of the Commonwealth for an injunction to
prohibit any activity which violates the provisions of this
article.
(d) The department may issue an order temporarily
prohibiting [a managed care plan] an insurer, MCO or contractor
which violates this article from enrolling new members.
(e) The department may require [a managed care plan] an
insurer, MCO or contractor to develop and adhere to a plan of
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correction approved by the department. The department shall
monitor compliance with the plan of correction. The plan of
correction shall be available to enrollees of the [managed care
plan] insurer, MCO or contractor upon request.
(f) In no event shall the department and the Insurance
Department impose a penalty for the same violation.
Section 2191. Compliance with National Accrediting
Standards.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this article
to the contrary, the department shall give consideration to [a
managed care plan's] an insurer's, MCO's or contractor's
demonstrated compliance with the standards and requirements set
forth in the "Standards for the Accreditation of Managed Care
Organizations" published by the National Committee for Quality
Assurance or other department-approved quality review
organizations in determining compliance with the same or similar
provisions of this article. The [managed care plan] insurer, MCO
or contractor, however, shall remain subject to and shall comply
with any other provisions of this article that exceed or are not
included in the standards of the National Committee for Quality
Assurance or other department-approved quality review
organizations.
Section 11. This act shall apply to health insurance
policies offered, issued or renewed on or after January 1, 2024.
Section 12. This act shall take effect in 30 days.
SECTION 11. THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT AS FOLLOWS:
(1) THIS SECTION SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.
(2) THE ADDITION OF SECTION 2155 OF THE ACT SHALL TAKE
EFFECT JANUARY 1, 2023.
(3) THE REMAINDER OF THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT JANUARY
1, 2024.
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