PRINTER'S NO. 329
No. 305 Session of 1987
INTRODUCED BY SAURMAN, HALUSKA, MORRIS, REINARD, CIVERA, HERMAN, NOYE, J. TAYLOR, J. L. WRIGHT, DISTLER, NAHILL, TRELLO, ITKIN, COLAFELLA, PETRONE, LASHINGER, BOOK, McHALE, R. C. WRIGHT, RAYMOND, HECKLER, SCHEETZ, CAPPABIANCA, G. SNYDER, FOX AND E. Z. TAYLOR, FEBRUARY 11, 1987
REFERRED TO COMMITTEE ON CONSERVATION, FEBRUARY 11, 1987
AN ACT 1 Providing for the handling of asbestos-containing waste; and 2 conferring powers and duties on the Department of 3 Environmental Resources. 4 The General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 5 hereby enacts as follows: 6 Section 1. Short title. 7 This act shall be known and may be cited as the Asbestos 8 Waste Disposal Act. 9 Section 2. Declaration of policy. 10 The General Assembly finds and declares as follows: 11 (1) Substantial amounts of asbestos materials are being 12 removed from schools and buildings throughout this 13 Commonwealth. 14 (2) Exposure to asbestos fibers and particles in the air 15 has been linked, by reputable medical and scientific 16 authorities, to a significant increase in the incidence of 17 disease, such as asbestosis, bronchogenic carcinoma,
1 mesothelioma and other malignancies. 2 (3) Present storage, containment, transportation and 3 disposal methods of asbestos-containing waste do not meet 4 acceptable standards and, therefore, constitute a potential 5 significant health hazard. 6 (4) The purpose of this act is to provide for the proper 7 storage, containment, transportation and disposal of 8 asbestos-containing waste to ensure that exposure to asbestos 9 fibers is limited or nonexistent. 10 Section 3. Definitions. 11 The following words and phrases when used in this act shall 12 have the meanings given to them in this section unless the 13 context clearly indicates otherwise: 14 "Active waste disposal site." A disposal site other than an 15 inactive site. 16 "Adequately wetted." Sufficiently mixed or coated with water 17 or an aqueous solution to prevent dust emissions. 18 "Asbestos." The asbestiform varieties of serpentinite 19 (chrysotile), riebeckite (crocidolite), cummingtonite-grunerite, 20 anthophyllite and actinolite-tremolite. 21 "Asbestos-containing waste materials." Waste that contains 22 commercial asbestos and is generated by a source subject to 40 23 CFR Part 61, Subpart M. The term includes asbestos mill 24 tailings, asbestos waste from control devices, friable asbestos 25 waste material and bags or containers that previously contained 26 commercial asbestos. As applied to demolition and renovation 27 operations, the term includes only friable asbestos waste and 28 asbestos waste from control devices. 29 "Asbestos material." Asbestos or material containing 30 asbestos. 19870H0305B0329 - 2 -
1 "Asbestos mill." A facility engaged in converting, or in any 2 intermediate step in converting, asbestos ore into commercial 3 asbestos. Outside storage of asbestos material is not considered 4 a part of the asbestos mill. 5 "Asbestos tailings." Solid waste that contains asbestos and 6 is a product of asbestos mining or milling operations. 7 "Asbestos waste from control devices." Waste material that 8 contains asbestos and is collected by a pollution control 9 device. 10 "Commercial asbestos." Asbestos that is extracted from 11 asbestos ore. 12 "Demolition." The wrecking or taking out of a load- 13 supporting structural member of a facility, together with 14 related handling operations. 15 "Department." The Department of Environmental Resources of 16 the Commonwealth. 17 "Emergency renovation operation." A renovation operation 18 that was not planned but results from a sudden, unexpected 19 event. The term includes operations necessitated by nonroutine 20 failures of equipment. 21 "Fabricating." Processing of a manufactured product that 22 contains commercial asbestos. The term does not include 23 processing at temporary sites for the construction or 24 restoration of facilities. 25 "Facility." An institutional, commercial or industrial 26 structure, installation or building. The term excludes apartment 27 buildings having four or less dwelling units. 28 "Facility component." A pipe, duct, boiler, tank, reactor, 29 turbine or furnace at or in a facility or a structural member of 30 a facility. 19870H0305B0329 - 3 -
1 "Friable asbestos material." Material containing more than 2 1% asbestos by weight that hand pressure can crumble, pulverize 3 or reduce to powder when dry. 4 "Inactive waste disposal site." A disposal site or portion 5 of it where additional asbestos-containing waste material will 6 not be deposited and where the surface is not disturbed by 7 vehicular traffic. 8 "Manufacturing." The combining of commercial asbestos or, in 9 the case of woven friction products, the combining of textiles 10 containing commercial asbestos, with other material, including 11 commercial asbestos, and the processing of this combination into 12 a product. 13 "Outside air." The air outside buildings and structures. 14 "Particulate asbestos material." Finely divided particles of 15 asbestos material. 16 "Planned renovation operations." A renovation operation, or 17 a number of such operations, in which the amount of friable 18 asbestos material that will be removed or stripped within a 19 given period of time can be predicted. Individual nonscheduled 20 operations are included if a number of such operations can be 21 predicted to occur during a given period of time based on 22 operating experience. 23 "Remove." To take out friable asbestos materials from a 24 facility. 25 "Renovation." Altering one or more facility components. The 26 term does not include operations in which load-supporting 27 structural members are wrecked or taken out. 28 "Roadways." Surfaces on which motor vehicles travel. The 29 term includes highways, roads, streets, parking areas and 30 driveways. 19870H0305B0329 - 4 -
1 "Strip." To take off friable asbestos materials from part of 2 a facility. 3 "Structural member." A load-supporting member of a facility, 4 such as beams and load-supporting walls, or a nonload-supporting 5 member, such as ceilings and nonload-supporting walls. 6 "Visible emissions." Emissions containing particulate 7 asbestos material that are visually detectable without the aid 8 of instruments. The term does not include condensed uncombined 9 water vapor. 10 Section 4. Storage and containment. 11 (a) General rule.--Friable asbestos containing waste shall 12 either be processed or formed into nonfriable forms, treated 13 with water (wetted), or treated by another method approved by 14 the department. 15 (b) Storage.--After wetting, friable asbestos-containing 16 waste shall be sealed in leak-tight containers while wet. 17 Sealing shall be interpreted as rendering the container 18 sufficiently closed from the outside air as far as storage, 19 transportation and disposal is concerned so that no leak occurs 20 which could cause visible asbestos emission to the outside air. 21 (1) The following two container forms are acceptable for 22 the proper storage of asbestos-containing waste: 23 (i) Multiple leak-proof plastic bags with 12 mils 24 cumulative thickness. 25 (ii) Single/multiple leak-proof plastic bags with 26 six mils cumulative thickness enclosed in a steel or 27 cardboard drum. 28 (2) The containers specified in paragraph (1), shall be 29 labeled. The labels shall be printed in letters of sufficient 30 size and contrast as to be readily visible and legible. They 19870H0305B0329 - 5 -
1 shall bear one of the following warnings: 2 CAUTION 3 Contains Asbestos 4 Avoid Opening or Breaking Container 5 Breathing Asbestos is Hazardous to Your Health 6 CAUTION 7 Contains Asbestos Fibers 8 Avoid Creating Dust 9 Breathing Asbestos May Cause Serious Bodily Harm 10 (3) The requirements of this subsection are in addition 11 to those required by the Federal Environmental Protection 12 Agency's National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air 13 Pollutants, 40 CFR 61, Subpart M; 25 Pa. Code Chapter 75 14 (relating to solid waste management); and other relevant 15 State or Federal statutes and regulations. 16 (c) Exceptions.-- 17 (1) Nonfriable asbestos-containing waste does not 18 require processing treatment or special packaging as long as 19 the waste is not rendered friable at any stage. 20 (2) The department may approve an alternative storage 21 method if the waste quantity or physical form does not lend 22 itself to storage under subsection (b). No visible emissions 23 should occur due to the alternative methods. 24 Section 5. Transportation. 25 (a) General rule.-- 26 (1) The asbestos-containing waste material shall be 27 transported in a vehicle without compaction and in a manner 28 which will not create visible emission to the outside air. If 29 asbestos is transported with other waste, it shall be done in 30 such a manner that the asbestos is segregated from the other 19870H0305B0329 - 6 -
1 waste to ensure the safe handling and disposal without the 2 risk of commingling. 3 (2) The vehicle transporting asbestos-containing waste 4 shall be covered by a tarp in all cases. 5 (3) Friable asbestos shall be removed from demolition 6 waste prior to bulk transportation. 7 (b) Recordkeeping.-- 8 (1) Before accepting wastes, a transporter shall 9 determine if the waste is properly wetted and containerized. 10 (2) A transporter shall require a chain-of-custody form 11 signed by the generator. The chain-of-custody form shall 12 include: 13 (i) The name and address of the generator. 14 (ii) The name and address of the pickup site. 15 (iii) The estimated quantity of asbestos-containing 16 waste. 17 (iv) The types of containers used. 18 (v) The destination of the waste. 19 (vi) The signature of the disposal site operator 20 upon delivery at a waste disposal facility. 21 (c) Other law.--The transportation of asbestos containing 22 waste shall conform to the applicable requirements found in 40 23 CFR 61, Subpart M; 25 Pa. Code Chapter 75 (relating to solid 24 waste management); and other relevant State or Federal statutes 25 and regulations. 26 Section 6. Disposal. 27 (a) Selecting disposal site.--Asbestos-containing waste 28 shall be disposed of at a site which has a special permit issued 29 by the department to receive such waste. The department shall 30 specify in the permit the maximum quantity of the asbestos- 19870H0305B0329 - 7 -
1 containing waste which may be received per day and in total. 2 (b) Receiving asbestos-containing waste.-- 3 (1) A disposal site approved for receipt of asbestos- 4 containing waste shall require notification by the generator 5 that the load contains asbestos. 6 (2) The disposal site operator shall: 7 (i) Inspect the loads to verify that asbestos waste 8 is properly contained in leak-tight containers and 9 labeled appropriately. 10 (ii) Contact the Federal Environmental Protection 11 Agency if the operator believes the asbestos-containing 12 waste is in a condition that may cause significant fiber 13 release during disposal. 14 (iii) After verification that the load is 15 acceptable, sign the chain-of-custody form to release the 16 asbestos-containing waste from the hauler. 17 (c) Waste disposition and covering.-- 18 (1) The permitted disposal site shall be required to 19 cover friable asbestos-containing waste immediately upon 20 receipt at the disposal facility. 21 (2) Asbestos-containing waste shall be covered in one of 22 the following ways: 23 (i) With at least six inches of compacted 24 nonasbestos-containing material. 25 (ii) With a resinous or petroleum-based dust 26 suppression agent that effectively binds dust and 27 controls wind erosion. This agent shall be used as 28 recommended for the particular dust suppression agent. 29 Other equally effective dust suppression agents may be 30 used upon prior approval by the Federal Environmental 19870H0305B0329 - 8 -
1 Protection Agency. 2 (3) No asbestos-containing waste may be allowed to be 3 stored onsite. If the cover requirements cannot be met, no 4 asbestos-containing waste may be accepted at the facility. 5 (4) Asbestos-containing waste shall be disposed into 6 segregated cells. Asbestos-containing waste may not be mixed 7 directly with other wastes. There shall be a separate area of 8 the facility for asbestos waste disposal. 9 (5) Covering asbestos-containing waste shall be 10 accomplished in a manner to ensure that there will be no 11 visible emissions by disturbing or puncturing the asbestos- 12 containing waste containers. 13 (6) Final closure of a cell containing asbestos waste 14 shall be as follows: 15 (i) The disposal facility shall cover the cell 16 containing asbestos waste with at least an additional 30 17 inches of compacted nonasbestos material to provide a 36- 18 inch final cover. 19 (ii) To control erosion of the final cover, the area 20 shall be properly graded and vegetated. 21 (d) Controlling public access.-- 22 (1) Sites which dispose of asbestos-containing waste 23 shall require fencing around the perimeter of the sections of 24 the sites where asbestos-containing waste is deposited. The 25 fencing shall be at least six feet high, and it shall be 26 topped with a barb wire guard to deter public access. 27 (2) Access to the facilities shall be limited to one or 28 two entrances with gates that can be locked if left 29 unattended. 30 (3) Warning signs shall be displayed at all entrances 19870H0305B0329 - 9 -
1 and at intervals of 330 feet or less along the property line 2 at the site. The warning signs shall: 3 (i) Be posted in such a manner and location that a 4 person can easily read the legend. 5 (ii) Conform to the requirements of 51-cm. x 36-cm. 6 (20" x 14") upright formal signs specified in 29 CFR 7 1910.145(d)(4). 8 (iii) Display the following legend in the lower 9 panel with letter sizes and styles of a visibility at 10 least equal to those specified in this subparagraph. 11 Legend Size 12 Asbestos Waste Disposal 2.5 cm. (1 inch) Sans Serif, 13 Site Gothic or Block 14 Do Not Create Dust 1.9 cm. (3/4 inch) Sans Serif, 15 Gothic or Block 16 Breathing Asbestos is 14 Point Gothic 17 Hazardous to Your 18 Health 19 (e) Conveyance of disposal site property.--The grantor, in a 20 deed for the conveyance of property in which asbestos-containing 21 waste is presently being disposed, or has ever been disposed by 22 the grantor or to the grantor's actual knowledge, shall include 23 in the property description section of the deed an 24 acknowledgement of asbestos-containing waste disposal and a 25 notice warning against excavation of the disposal site. The 26 acknowledgement shall include, but not be limited to, the extent 27 the information is available, the surface area size and tract 28 location of the disposed waste. These requirements shall be made 29 part of the deed for future conveyances or transfers of the 30 subject property. The warranty in the deed shall not be 19870H0305B0329 - 10 -
1 applicable to the surface area size and exact location of the 2 disposed asbestos-containing waste. 3 (f) Other law.--The disposal of asbestos-containing waste 4 shall conform to the applicable requirements found in 40 CFR 61, 5 Subpart M, and other relevant State or Federal statutes and 6 regulations. 7 Section 7. Demolition. 8 (a) General rule.--Removable asbestos concentrations shall 9 be removed from the buildings or demolition wastes before 10 storage, transportation and disposal at demolition waste sites. 11 (b) Exception.--A variance to subsection (a) may be 12 considered if the asbestos concentrations involved are 13 nonfriable or are in such a small quantity that the removal is 14 either impractical or unnecessary. 15 Section 8. Applicability of Federal and State laws and 16 regulations. 17 If the requirements of this act conflict with Federal or 18 State statutes and regulations, the requirements of this act 19 shall apply if they are not less restrictive than Federal 20 statutes and regulations. 21 Section 9. Disapproval. 22 The department may disapprove or rescind a prior approval if 23 any of the following applies: 24 (1) The requirements of this act are not met. 25 (2) Waste characteristics are different from those 26 provided in submitted documents. 27 (3) Waste is handled in an environmentally unsound 28 manner. 29 (4) Waste disposal, alone or in conjunction with other 30 waste, would create a nuisance, harm or hazard to the public 19870H0305B0329 - 11 -
1 or the environment. 2 (5) Conditions of the request by the applicant or the 3 approval by the department conflict with the act of July 7, 4 1980 (P.L.380, No.97), known as the Solid Waste Management 5 Act, or relevant Federal regulations. 6 Section 10. Effective date. 7 This act shall take effect in 60 days. A5L35CHF/19870H0305B0329 - 12 -